Following increased attention to racial disparities in police use of force, national conversations have focused on the role of law enforcement, including in public schools. This study examines transparency with regard to the presence of law enforcement in schools. Leveraging novel school-level and district-level data from the state of Florida,…

It is a tragic irony that George Floyd Jr., once a brilliant Black boy with dreams to serve on the highest court in the U.S., would grow up to be murdered by a white law enforcement officer who pressed his knee needlessly against Floyd's neck for 8 minutes and 46 seconds. What did young George Floyd learn about the justice system? What do young…

Prevalence rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) across the globe and lifespan suggest that law enforcement officers (LEOs) are likely to interact with autistic people in their professional duties. In developed countries, LEOs have professional encounters with autistic individuals, and research strongly supports LEOs need training to increase…

To date, few studies have assessed the prevalence of mental health conditions among runaway youth who have been located by law enforcement. Given that repeat runaway cases disproportionately consume more investigative resources from law enforcement agencies, it is important to ascertain risk factors of this population. Using a sample of one-time…

This qualitative study explores the retrospective sensemaking of Black1 girls and Latinas in their interactions with school security guards and School Resource Officers (SROs). Seven Black women and two Latinas participated in the study. Additionally, district data around SROs and discipline were analyzed for the five school districts in which the…

This dissertation examines the linguistic and cultural difficulties faced by Non-Native English-speaking (NNES) peace officers in the United States, emphasizing English training and job preparedness. The research adopts an explanatory sequential mixed-method design, including quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis. This study…

Reflection is an important component of professional practice in the field of policing. While reflection goes beyond a mere evaluation of officer behavior in police-citizen interaction based on legitimacy and functionality, deeper levels of reflections, where underlying assumptions are challenged do not automatically take place within the system…

This article includes a description and discussion of physical violence and identity-based discrimination. I acknowledge that this content may be difficult. I encourage you to care for your safety and well-being. This article examines 'conviviality' in the context of police violence and systemic racism in the United States. Through an analysis of…

Black, First-Generation, and Pell Grant recipient college students have faced tremendous obstacles and overcame substantial hurdles as a worldwide health pandemic, the novel coronavirus or COVID-19, disproportionately harmed the students, their family members, and communities. With over 1,000,000 deaths in the United States at the time of…

The Norwegian Police University College (NPUC) is introducing sustainability leadership as a part of its police leadership studies. At present, the NPUC has no curriculum that contains any literature on sustainable leadership in the police. Thus, our two research questions were: 1. What has been written in the research literature about sustainable…

In this dissertation I use modern microeconomic methods to examine the impact of K-12 education policy interventions on student outcomes. In the first chapter I explore how increased funding for school policing and sentiment surrounding school policing can have downstream effects on student discipline, and how these effects vary by student and…

The Departments of Education and Justice are responsible for enforcing certain federal civil rights laws that prohibit discrimination in K-12 schools based on characteristics such as race, sex, and disability, including regarding police interactions with students. The House committee report for the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services,…

Community colleges hold a central piece in law enforcement training. Their curricula often based on mandates from state law enforcement boards. They had been gradually increasing their focus of these training programs on issues related to diversity, equity and racial profiling. This spotlight has led to changes (or potential changes) in areas like…

Sexual assault violence affects many college students regardless of ethnicity, age, gender, race, or socio-economic background. There is a problem with reporting sexual assaults on college campuses to campus law enforcement officials. The purpose of this qualitative narrative study was to utilize the theory of andragogy and social theory to…

In 2019, the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) was directed to provide Congress with a report on the state of school policing in the United States that examined the current role of police in schools and provided recommendations on how they can better serve the needs of students. To address this directive, NIJ engaged two consultants to conduct a…