The purpose of this document is to explore the world of assessment within the context of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. The definitions provided will help those with little knowledge of as-sessment to understand the essentials of practice and theory. The information is meant for assess-ment users so they can interpret the purpose of tests…

Described is development and standardization of the Reading-Free Vocational Interest Inventory with a representative sample of 6,400 educable mentally retarded males and females in public secondary day schools and state residential institutions from all geographical, urban and rural regions of the U.S. (Author/MC)

Findings of this study suggest that it is preferable to attempt to control guessing through the use of the reward instruction rather than to attempt to control it using the penalty instruction or to encourage it using the insttruction to guess. (Authors/MB)

Assistance in this study was provided by the Testing and Certification Division of the English Language Institute. (VM)

Questions arising in research and evaluation are more complicated in the area of early childhood education because of the vagaries of measurement with very young children and the occurrence of rapid changes during the early years. (Authors/MB)

Scales are developed to replace the difficult to administer and score Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) affiliation scales. Functional relationships between such variables as affiliative behavior, conformity behavior, and dependency and affiliative tendency and sensitivity to rejection are educed. (DG)

Two studies analyze and evaluate the use of the chunk," a small group of meaningfully related words within a sentence, as a test item in reading and listening tests. (PR)