Discusses research dealing with the cognitive aspects of formal systems of knowledge representation. Highlights include the origins and theoretical foundations of the cognitive viewpoint; cognition and information science; cognitivism, mentalism, and subjective individualism; categorization; mental models; and sociocognitive approaches to indexing…

Discusses variables essential to the religious identity of Catholic colleges and universities in the context of the 1999 draft application of "Ex Corde Ecclesiae" to the United States, a document on the relationship between Catholic higher education institutions and the Catholic Church. Suggests a taxonomy in which Catholic colleges are…

This article presents an overview of the definitional and boundary issues of the term "school violence" as used in research applied prevention programs and provides an overview of what is known about the occurrence of violent and related high-risk behaviors on school campuses. (Contains extensive references.) (Author/CR)

Results of a literature review were organized into a taxonomy of distance learning strategies: (1) cognitive (rehearsal, elaboration, organization); (2) metacognitive (planning, monitoring, regulating); and (3) resource management (time management, study environment, effort management, social support). (Contains 24 references.) (SK)

Describes an approach to automatically classify and evaluate publicly accessible World Wide Web sites. Outlines a research methodology for model building and validation, develops a set of criteria for classifying Web sites, and compares manual versus automated evaluation. (Author/LRW)

Presents two activities on addition, one for classifying and one for symmetry. (ASK)

Indexing is the preprocessing of information to enable its retrieval, ranging from classification-based (precoordinate) to keyword searching (postcoordinate) approaches. This article describes a framework for modelling information retrieval systems in terms of sets of objects, relationships, and functions and discusses the application of indexing…

The second of two parts, this article develops a taxonomy of value-in-use for library and information services based on user assessments and proposes methods and instruments for similar studies of library and information services in general. Divides value of services into three classes: reasons for use; quality of interaction; and worth, benefits…

Five experiments examined matching to sample procedures among preschoolers. Results indicated that children selected taxonomic comparisons more often than thematic comparisons, independent of age, gender, instructions, order of trial type, specificity of feedback, presence of unrelated third comparisons, and level of taxonomy. Instructions to…

This response to "Behavior Disorders: A Postmodern Perspective" (David Elkind) rejects the postmodern notion that there can be no common narratives and proposes three possible metanarratives that could be useful in thinking about behavioral disorders: democracy, spirituality, and the notions of Nick Hobbs. (CR)

Describes the slot-filler model of taxonomic knowledge development in which preschoolers derive "slot-filler" categories from event schemas. Maintains that the model has received considerable support across methodologies, ages, and sociocultural contexts. Argues that Krackow and Gordon's theorizing and methods could not lead to reliable,…

Analyzes four topics: (1) everyday discourse and judgments about language usage; (2) "social linguistics" and explanations for language differences in terms of categories such as class and gender; (3) the proposition that identity is constructed by language; and (4) the extent to which social categories are discursively constructed. (SK)

Examined relationships among theory of mind construct of intention and false belief, problem-solving ability, metacognitive regulation, and strategy use in 39 preschoolers. Found significant correlations between strategy use and theory of mind, and metacognitive regulation and theory of mind. A moderate, but nonsignificant, correlation was found…

When scholarly articles and clinical reports have scores of authors-what Cronin has termed "hyperauthorship"-the precise nature of each individual's contribution is often masked. A notation that describes collaborators' contributions and allows those contributions to be tracked in, and across, texts (and over time) offers a solution. A proposal…

Analysis of data collected from a Persian-English bilingual infant over 10 months beginning at age 9 months found that, in comparison to the monolingual child in a previous study by Halliday, both children developed pragmatic functions from a very early age. A categorization system is proposed to facilitate the analysis of child language…