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Shared Genetic Influences on Negative Emotionality and Major Depression/Conduct Disorder Comorbidity
Peer reviewed
Direct linkTackett, Jennifer L.; Waldman, Irwin D.; Van Hulle, Carol A.; Lahey, Benjamin B. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011
Objective: To investigate whether genetic contributions to major depressive disorder and conduct disorder comorbidity are shared with genetic influences on negative emotionality. Method: Primary caregivers of 2,022 same- and opposite-sex twin pairs 6 to 18 years of age comprised a population-based sample. Participants were randomly selected across…
Descriptors: Twins, Caregivers, Interviews, Genetics
Riby, Deborah M.; Jones, Nicola; Brown, Philippa H.; Robinson, Lucy J.; Langton, Stephen R. H.; Bruce, Vicki; Riby, Leigh M. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2011
Williams syndrome (WS) is associated with distinct social behaviours. One component of the WS social phenotype is atypically prolonged face fixation. This behaviour co-exists with attention difficulties. Attention is multi-faceted and may impact on gaze behaviour in several ways. Four experiments assessed (i) attention capture by faces, (ii)…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Nonverbal Ability, Genetic Disorders, Attention
Martens, Marilee A.; Jungers, Melissa K.; Steele, Anita L. – Neuropsychologia, 2011
Williams syndrome (WS) is a neurogenetic developmental disorder characterized by an increased affinity for music, deficits in verbal memory, and atypical brain development. Music has been shown to improve verbal memory in typical individuals as well as those with learning difficulties, but no studies have examined this relationship in WS. The aim…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Neurological Impairments, Developmental Disabilities, Memory
Epkins, Catherine C.; Heckler, David R. – Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 2011
Models of social anxiety and depression in youth have been developed separately, and they contain similar etiological influences. Given the high comorbidity of social anxiety and depression, we examine whether the posited etiological constructs are a correlate of, or a risk factor for, social anxiety and/or depression at the symptom level and the…
Descriptors: Depression (Psychology), Anxiety, Risk, Models
Bucak, Seyda; Kadirgan, Neset – European Journal of Engineering Education, 2011
The aim of this study is to understand the motivating factors behind students' choices in their decision-making process and also get an insight on their perception of different engineering branches. A survey was prepared and the results were evaluated amongst 1163 answers. Two major influences on student's decision in their professional choices…
Descriptors: Chemical Engineering, Foreign Countries, Gender Differences, Surveys
Hanscombe, Ken B.; Haworth, Claire M. A.; Davis, Oliver S. P.; Jaffee, Sara R.; Plomin, Robert – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2011
Background: Chaotic homes predict poor school performance. Given that it is known that genes affect both children's experience of household chaos and their school achievement, to what extent is the relationship between high levels of noise and environmental confusion in the home, and children's school performance, mediated by heritable child…
Descriptors: Twins, Academic Achievement, Genetics, Family Environment
Crowley, Thomas E. – Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 2011
The genes responsible for luminescence in various species of the marine microorganism "Photobacterium", have been used for many years as a tool by researchers and instructors. In particular, the "lux" operon of "Photobacterium fischeri" has been used by many instructors to teach recombinant DNA techniques. Two methods using an automated plate…
Descriptors: Genetics, Biology, Light, Science Instruction
Thornton, Brenda; Basu, Chhandak – Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 2011
Real-time PCR (quantitative PCR or qPCR) has become the preferred method for validating results obtained from assays which measure gene expression profiles. The process uses reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), coupled with fluorescent chemistry, to measure variations in transcriptome levels between samples. The four most…
Descriptors: Chemistry, Genetics, Computer Software, Computer Uses in Education
Papper, Marc; Kempter, Richard; Leibold, Christian – Learning & Memory, 2011
Long-term synaptic plasticity exhibits distinct phases. The synaptic tagging hypothesis suggests an early phase in which synapses are prepared, or "tagged," for protein capture, and a late phase in which those proteins are integrated into the synapses to achieve memory consolidation. The synapse specificity of the tags is consistent with…
Descriptors: Genetics, Memory, Rewards, Cognitive Processes
Haettig, Jakob; Stefanko, Daniel P.; Multani, Monica L.; Figueroa, Dario X.; McQuown, Susan C.; Wood, Marcelo A. – Learning & Memory, 2011
Transcription of genes required for long-term memory not only involves transcription factors, but also enzymatic protein complexes that modify chromatin structure. Chromatin-modifying enzymes, such as the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) CREB (cyclic-AMP response element binding) binding protein (CBP), are pivotal for the transcriptional regulation…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Long Term Memory, Spatial Ability
Topcu, Mustafa Sami; Yilmaz-Tuzun, Ozgul; Sadler, Troy D. – Journal of Science Teacher Education, 2011
The purpose of the study is to explore Turkish preservice science teachers' informal reasoning regarding socioscientific issues and the factors influencing their informal reasoning. The researchers engaged 39 preservice science teachers in informal reasoning interview and moral decision-making interview protocols. Of the seven socioscientific…
Descriptors: Qualitative Research, Science Teachers, Climate, Ethics
Exhaustive Analysis of BH4 and Dopamine Biosynthesis Genes in Patients with Dopa-Responsive Dystonia
Clot, Fabienne; Grabli, David; Cazeneuve, Cecile; Roze, Emmanuel; Castelnau, Pierre; Chabrol, Brigitte; Landrieu, Pierre; Nguyen, Karine; Ponsot, Gerard; Abada, Myriem; Doummar, Diane; Damier, Philippe; Gil, Roger; Thobois, Stephane; Ward, Alana J.; Hutchinson, Michael; Toutain, Annick; Picard, Fabienne; Camuzat, Agnes; Fedirko, Estelle; San, Chankannira; Bouteiller, Delphine; LeGuern, Eric; Durr, Alexandra; Vidailhet, Marie; Brice, Alexis – Brain, 2009
Dopa-responsive dystonia is a childhood-onset dystonic disorder, characterized by a dramatic response to low dose of L-Dopa. Dopa-responsive dystonia is mostly caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the "GCH1" gene (GTP cyclohydrolase1) and more rarely by autosomal recessive mutations in the "TH" (tyrosine hydroxylase) or "SPR" (sepiapterin…
Descriptors: Patients, Drug Therapy, Genetic Disorders, Neurological Impairments
Lindahl, Mats Gunnar – Science & Education, 2009
To make meaning of scientific knowledge in such a way that concepts and values of the life-world are not threatened is difficult for students and laymen. Ethics and morals pertaining to the use of genetic tests for hereditary diseases have been investigated and discussed by educators, anthropologists, medical doctors and philosophers giving, at…
Descriptors: Ethics, Moral Values, Genetics, Testing
Carlson, Marie D.; Mendle, Jane; Harden, K. Paige – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Youth who experience adverse environments in early life initiate sexual activity at a younger age, on average, than those from more advantaged circumstances. Evolutionary theorists have posited that ecological stress precipitates earlier reproductive and sexual onset, but it is unclear how stressful environments interact with genetic influences on…
Descriptors: Sexuality, Age Differences, Environmental Influences, Twins
Cook, Kristin; Keller, Donna; Myers, Alyce – Science Teacher, 2014
In this guided inquiry, students investigate advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering by integrating popular fiction into their study of bioethics. What are the effects of artificially created hybrid creatures on characters in "The Hunger Games" and in our society? What are the effects on and basic rights of the organisms…
Descriptors: Ethics, Fiction, Popular Culture, Genetics
