This article introduces three reviews of the book, Inequality: A Reassessment of the Effect of Family and Schooling in America by Christopher Jencks et al. Following the reviews are comments by Christopher Jencks. For related articles see TM 501 197-200. (MLP)

This article introduces a new personnel development concept and attempts to correct the notion that personnel development is largely a training function. Implicit is the notion that by enhancing the utilization of existing manpower and providing opportunities for career development, we foster good employee relations and contribute to…

Reviewed are studies on differences in mathematical achievement between boys and girls. Studies are sorted into pre-school, early elementary, upper elementary, and high school categories to synthesize the results. A summary is presented in the form of questions which arise from analysis of these studies' results. (JP)

In this book the focus is upon education as the vehicle through which individual differences must be reconciled in the light of a moral commitment to the principles of equality. The axiom of equality is reviewed as it was laid down by philosophers in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. More recent developments in the philosophy of equality…

The present study was initiated to help college students preparing to teach to obtain information regarding the interests of pre-adolescents and to compare the interests of those pre-adolescents attending schools in varied geographical locations in order to improve learning activities and communications between adults and young people. (Author/RK)

A restatement of the environmental interaction paradigm may be found in the B-P-E paradigm which states that Behavior is a function of the Person and Environment. The B-P-E paradigm lends itself to the conceptualization of complex problems. Four characteristics of this paradigm are described. (BJG)

A modified version of the Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) was administered to measure self and other orientations on 15 personality variables. The respondents were shown to have different preferences for themselves than for others. (Author/DEP)

Research supported in part by Grant MH-11989 from the National Institute of Mental Health, U.S. Public Health Service, and in part by a grant-in-aid from the Society of the Sigma Xi.

Conceptual and methodological problems inherent in Aptitude Treatment Interaction (ATI) research, coupled with the impracticality of its application, call into question its use as a design model. For these reasons, ATI should be de-emphasized as an instructional design model and attention should be refocused on the structure of content and the…

Twenty children aged 3;0 to 3;10 were studied for behavior related to the acquisition of a single new word ("chromium," which was presented as designating the color olive green). The research was conducted in three cycles: prior to exposure to "chromium," at the time of a single encounter with that word, and about a week after the first encounter.…

Many educational and psychological survey questionnaires contain item response categories which may have different meanings to different people. Students who had previously answered Pace's College Student Experiences questionnaire by checking one of four response categories (i.e. never, occasionally, often, very often) were selected to obtain a…

Understanding how laughter communicates helps to explain how individuals respond to laughter in intercultural situations. There are three manifestations of laughter: reflex responses to particular physical stimuli; automatic reactions to informative stimuli that can be intentionally controlled; and symbols encoded with semantic meanings…