Novice teachers often face reality shock, leading to poor performance and dropout. Strong pedagogical reasoning is crucial for early-career retention and effectiveness. Initial teacher education programmes use field-based internships to mitigate reality shock upon entering the profession, but the connection between these experiences and…

Students need a robust understanding of the derivative for upper-division mathematics and science courses, including thinking about derivatives as ratios of small changes in multivariable and vector contexts. In "Raising Calculus to the Surface" activities, multivariable calculus students collaboratively discover properties of…

Point-set topology is among the most abstract branches of mathematics in that it lacks tangible notions of distance, length, magnitude, order, and size. There is no shape, no geometry, no algebra, and no direction. Everything we are used to visualizing is gone. In the teaching and learning of mathematics, this can present a conundrum. Yet, this…

When seeking to explain social regularities (such as gender differences in the labor market) people often rely on internal features of the targets, frequently neglecting structural and systemic factors external to the targets. For example, people might think women leave the job market after childbirth because they are less competent or are better…

Much recent research and theorizing in the field of reasoning has been concerned with intuitive sensitivity to logical validity, such as the logic-brightness effect, in which logically valid arguments are judged to have a "brighter" typeface than invalid arguments. We propose and test a novel signal competition account of this…

Tentativeness is often framed as a deficit, synonymous with timidity or a lack of confidence. In this article, I situate the notion of tentativeness in an enactivist framework and describe its role as both a strategy and affordance in a spatial visualization exercise. Drawing on insights from mathematics education and ecological psychology, I…

Teachers' questioning plays an essential role in shaping collective argumentative discourse. This paper demonstrated that rationality dimensions in teacher questions can be assessed by adapting Habermas' three components of rationality. By coordinating Habermas' construct with Toulmin's model for argumentation, this paper investigated how two…

The authors outline some of the ways in which they teach student teachers to think about the challenges of abstract concepts in science. They ask the student teachers to think about abstract ideas in a non-science context first, and find they are enabled to discuss and engage (and then later apply) their thinking better. The authors think that…

An ongoing debate in the literature on human reasoning concerns whether or not the logical status (valid vs. invalid) of an argument can be intuitively detected. The finding that conclusions of logically valid inferences are liked more compared to conclusions of logically invalid ones--called the logic-liking effect--is one of the most prominent…

Mark Creager noticed that how we teach students to reason mathematically may be counter-productive to our teaching goals. Sometimes a linear approach, focusing on sub-processes leading to a proof works well. But not always. Students should be made aware that reasoning is not always a straight forward process, but one filled with false starts and…

The relevance of this article is due to the need to form and develop algorithmic thinking of higher education students as the main requirement of the information society following 21st century skills and competences for new millennium learners. The purpose of the article is to consider algorithmic thinking as a new dimension of learning in higher…

STEM education should be grounded in our knowledge of how students think in STEM-focused learning environments. However, little is currently known regarding specific types of thinking in these contexts. We explore the theoretical notion of STEM Ways of Thinking (SWoT) in interdisciplinary learning situations. Our primary focus is not on the…

The primary objective of this study was to contribute to the growing research discipline investigating the effects of physical exercise on divergent thinking creativity performance. Thirty-two students participated in this two-visit, within-subject intervention. Individuals consented to participate in two randomized, and counterbalanced,…

In this paper, I propose a new construct named "analytic equation sense" to conceptually model a desired way of reasoning that involves students' algebraic manipulations and use of equivalent expressions. Building from the analysis of two existing models in the field, I argue for the need for a new model and use empirical evidence to…

From personalized advertising to economic forecasting, artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming an increasingly important element of our daily lives. These advancements raise concerns regarding the transhumanist perspective and associated discussions in the context of technology-human interaction, as well as the influence of artificial…