For reading specialists to play a decisive role in improving reading comprehension of young people, they must get into the classrooms. To gain this entry, they should behave in a way that acknowledges the classroom teacher's attitudes and perceptions about reading and that eliminates those practices that seem to offend teachers. (Author/SJL)

Correlates 138 elementary school children's views about the purposes of school to their styles of reward allocation: academically motivated students allocated rewards equally to two hypothetical performers who had unequally helped a teacher perform a manual chore, while socially motivated children allocated rewards in an equity (performance-based)…

Auditory tests were administered to 30 blind, partially sighted, and sighted children. Overall, the blind and sighted were equal on most of the measured abilities. Blind children performed well on tonal memory tests. Partially sighted children performed more poorly than the other two groups. (MH)

Mirror-image animal and nonanimal words of three to six letters were presented to subjects in a reaction time categorization task. A significant interaction of Word Length X Block was found for words presented over all four blocks. A shift from component to holistic processing was found for the repeated words. (Author/RD)

Shows that the ability to impose a distinct and exact meaning on what is seen underlies the skills involved in reading; notes the importance of training in perception combined with a clear sense of the purpose of reading. (GT)

Discusses the problem of establishing gaming as a legitimate educational form by locating it within a larger theoretical scheme pertaining to what might be called the sociology of knowledge and by postulating how it ought to affect players as a learning experience. (MLW)

Randomly sampled students (N=287) indicated the Help Line at the University of Nebraska significantly helped with their personal and informational needs. Perceptions of Help Line's purposes fell into two groups: informational versus personal. The two groups had radically different call rates. Advertising procedures are also discussed. (Author)

College students (N=1250) starting introductory courses in thirteen academic disciplines were asked to predict their grade in the course. Results showed that overall, males predicted higher grades for themselves than did females. This held true for entering freshmen as well as for those with previous college experience. (Author)

Differences in children's acceptance of occupational roles traditionally sex-typed by society were explored for a sample of 270 elementary school children. The degree of sex typing was high among all subjects. Children at each age level viewed occupational roles for both men and women similarly to the traditional sex-typed role views. (Author)

Identifies instances where different treatments are given men and women and women get inferior therapy. Also notes times when similar treatments are given men and women but in a way appropriate only for males. Discusses both sex between patients and therapists and "the possible imposition of sex role stereotypes on females by their therapists."…

Identifies the "missing fundamental illusion" as that which occurs when two tones are heard together and the listener hears a third tone with a pitch corresponding to the difference in their frequencies. Describes an inexpensive and valid demonstration of the missing fundamental using a British police whistle. (MJP)

Describes how students who are learning disabled can improve their writing skills through physical movement and manipulating visuals. Describes how movement draws on kinesthetic intelligence and manipulatives draw on spatial intelligence to help students understand language structures in nonverbal ways that may be more intuitive than verbal…

Reports on the case study of a high school student using a computer-based tool called the Contour Analyzer to create graphs of height versus distance and slope versus distance for a flat board positioned with different slants and orientations. Focuses on visually recognizing the mathematical behavior of the slope versus distance function which…

Identifies salient conceptual and methodological issues involved in cross-cultural research. Surveys principals and teachers from California and the Marshall Islands regarding perceptions of principals' leadership capabilities in three areas: school governance, school climate and culture, and instructional organization. There was substantial…

A study of 104 students (ages 16 to 22) with mental retardation (n=32), learning disabilities (n=34), or no disabilities (n=38) examined variables that contribute to perceptions of self-determination and increased student motivation. The students with disabilities were found to have more of an external locus of control orientation. (CR)