This article is a response to an article in a previous issue by Robert L. Williams on unfairness in testing blacks with existing instruments. This paper discusses: (1) testing as systematic inquiry; (2) the question of bias; (3) test use; and (4) the consequences of not testing. (CJ)

Group and individual forms of a measure were developed to assess the acquisition of behaviors desired as outcomes of instruction in science at the elementary school level. Significant differences between the scores of individuals on the group and individual measures were observed. (LC)

A number of major studies are discussed concerning the effects of testing on schools and needed changes in test use to improve education. Test use is analyzed at building and classroom levels for insights on better education, and at local, state, and national levels for oversights of educational progress. (Author/CM)

Separate selection and pretesting of students eliminate regression effects in the pre-post achievement gain measured in the RMC Model--A method of program evaluation. (CP)

A structure for describing different approaches to testing is generated by identifying five dimensions along which tests differ: test uses, item generation, item revision, assessment of precision, and validation. These dimensions are used to profile tests of reading comprehension. Only norm-referenced achievement tests had an inference system…

The author outlines current federal interest in the competency testing movement, explaining the federal role as supportive, with no plans for a national test, but with concern for equal educational opportunity. Federal activities are described, including the new NIE Office of Testing, Assessment, and Evaluation. (SJL)

Outlines progressive stages of the "Special Studies" developmental education program in the University of Georgia system. Illustrates the process by which prospective freshmen are identified as developmental students, placed in appropriate courses, and advanced to regular college credit classes. (DR)

Reviews the possible dangers of mandated competency testing and suggests some alternatives. (JM)

The article presents results from a comparative analysis of data from tests administered to first- and second-year shorthand students learning three different systems (Century 21, Forkner, and Gregg) in Minneapolis-St. Paul (Minnesota) area high schools. Findings indicate that different shorthand systems should be available for different students.…

Identifies and documents some of the types and kinds of testing and evaluation infractions to which secondary school children are exposed, illustrates proper procedures in an attempt to reduce the probability of their recurrence, and explores the possible contributing causes for this situation with suggestions for change. (Author/RK)

Can real comparability of examination standards be attained between different boards and different years? Argues that the attempt has to be made. (Editor)

Tests of reading and mathematical understanding were administered to 210 children from three socio-economic backgrounds who had been tested 12 months earlier during their first year at school (AA 525 131). (Editor/RK)

A survey of 54 graduate schools identified the content of training received by educational measurement specialists during their graduate educations. Forty-three programs offer master's degrees, with 14 focusing specifically on educational measurement. Students received basic skills and knowledge of statistical methods, measurement, and research…

Comparison of elementary grade students with (N=42) or without (N=42) learning disabilities (LD) on their logical-mathematical structures of thought found that, though both groups generated grouping relationships, children with LD tendered to generate solutions showing less coordinated structures of thought. For both groups, scores on the…