Bullying is a significant problem that has received a great amount of research attention, yet a basic definition of bullying has proven challenging for researchers to agree upon. Differences of definitions between academics and the public pose additional problems for the ongoing study and prevention of bullying. Qualitative methodologies may…

The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of how novice, nontraditionally certified teachers learn classroom management skills and address challenging student behaviors. Alternative teacher preparation programs aim to prepare entry year teachers for the classroom as quickly as possible. While alternative certification programs aim to…

There have been multiple studies with regard to the different aspects of soccer hooliganism throughout the world; the majority of these have been focused internationally. The most common trends of hooliganism examined include: harassment, vandalism, fighting, theft, public intoxication, and crowd disorder revolving around the game of soccer in…

The purpose of the study is to systematically review studies investigating the script fading procedure on individuals with autism and also determine the quality of the studies and the effect size related to the calculations of the percentage of nonoverlapping data (PND) and the percentage of data exceeding the median (PEM) in the studies. The…

The brain must strike a balance between reliable information processing and adaptation to an ever-changing environment. At a gross anatomical level, the brain's wiring diagram is believed to be relatively set after development. Therefore, a fundamental question arises: how does stereotyped wiring lead to flexible dynamics, computation, and…

There is a growing interest in the factors influencing bystanders' interventions in school-bullying. However, perceived social norms, beliefs about what others do (perceived descriptive norms), and what others think one should do (perceived injunctive norms) still require attention. The aim of this study was to investigate whether students…

As students transition into adolescence they are often permitted greater independence in nonclassroom settings within schools and thus the opportunities for problem behaviors increase. However, nonclassroom settings can also provide an opportunity for students and school staff to engage in informal yet positive interactions. This paper aimed to…

Students with an Intellectual Disability (ID) have complex learning and behavioral needs that can complicate educational programming and compete with their ability to fully participate in their education. This work aims to provide a conceptual understanding of the behavioral complexities involved in instructing students with intellectual…

We trained six special education staff members in groups of three to conduct differential reinforcement of alternative and differential reinforcement of other behavior procedures using a self-instructional package. Our self-instructional packages were written instructions and PowerPoint™ presentations that incorporated embedded text, video…

This paper presents findings from a study investigating the multiple perspectives of attachment theory and practice through the voices of early childhood educators. Attachment theory has influenced research, policy and practice over the last six decades, offering a framework for understanding risk and protective factors in early childhood. Despite…

The article will explore early childhood teachers' perspectives about social behaviours and gender in young children, in particular the way in which children's gender related to teachers' reports of the prevalence and interpretations of children's social behaviours. The specific social behaviours examined were prosocial behaviours, social…

In recent years, preschooler's self-regulation has been extensively researched. This systematic review deals with the overlaps and differences among the many different terminologies and definitions of self-regulation in childhood and the association with preschooler's social-emotional and behavioural development. A systematic literature search in…

Universal screening for behavioral/mental health risk is a critical component of multitiered systems of support, allowing for early identification of students in need of prevention and/or intervention services. The Student Risk Screening Scale (SRSS; Drummond, 1994) is one commonly used universal screening tool intended to measure externalizing…

This study examined the variance in teacher ratings attributable to teacher, occasion, and child on the original Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC). Teachers rated approximately 1,100 girls (52%) and boys (48%) at four public elementary schools over 3 years. About half of the students were rated twice and about a seventh 3 times.…

Background: Research has documented the impact of descriptive norms on tobacco use, but few studies have investigated how media exposure shapes e-cigarette use norms. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine how exposure to e-cigarette-related news articles shapes individuals' descriptive norm perceptions about real-world e-cigarette use.…