Examined the inferences and judgements of gender schematic and aschematic elementary school students in Hong Kong. After being categorized according to their reaction times to gender stereotypic and counterstereotypic items, students made inferences and judgements about four male and female targets behaving gender stereotypically or…

Assessed 5-, 6-, 8- and 9-year-olds on two working memory tasks to explore the complementarity of working memory models postulated by Pascual-Leone and Baddeley. Pascual-Leone's theory offered a clear explanation of the results concerning central aspects of working memory. Baddeley's model provided a convincing account of findings regarding the…

Three studies examined children's understanding of looking behavior in revealing another's desired goal. Found that 6-year olds and adults, but not 4-year olds, consistently regarded prolonged looking as a more important cue than glancing or inadvertent touching of the protagonist's goal. Results suggest that development is characterized by…

The Feelings about School (FAS) measure was used to examine factors associated with kindergartners' and first-graders' feelings about school. Findings provided support for the reliability and validity of the FAS for both groups. Students' feelings about school were associated with their academic skills, especially for first-graders. Relation of…

Trained 1- to 3-year-olds to touch a video screen displaying a unique target and appearing among varying numbers of distracters; correct responses triggered a sound and four animated objects on the screen. Found that children's reaction time patterns resembled those from adults in corresponding search tasks, suggesting that basic perceptual…

Two experiments examined development of the ordinality concept in infants. Found that 11-month-olds successfully discriminated, whereas 9-month-olds failed to discriminate sequences that descended in numerical value from sequences increasing in numerical value. Nine-month-olds could discriminate the ordinal direction of sequences that varied in…

Studied length of stay and predictors of permanency of legally free children. Found that older children, boys, and African American children were all significantly less likely to achieve a permanent outcome than Caucasian children, whereas Hispanic children were significantly more likely to achieve permanent outcome. Findings pose implications for…

This study investigated differences in use of and satisfaction with career counseling services as a function of sex, race, and age based on a nationally representative sample of college graduates of different ages, gender, and ethnicity (N=10, 080). Results showed significant race and age differences in use of career counseling services and gender…

The phonological-awareness skills of 19 New Zealand children who are blind and were using Braille as their reading medium were compared to controls who were three years younger. Children who had difficulty reading Braille were delayed in their development of phonological awareness, demonstrating strengths and weaknesses similar to the controls.…

A study examined developmental changes in talker recognition skills by assessing 72 children's (ages 3-5) recognition of 20 cartoon characters' voices. Four- and 5-year-old children recognized more of the voices than did 3-year-olds. All children were more accurate at recognizing more familiar characters than less familiar characters. (Contains…

A study of 180 laid-off defense industry workers in Scotland showed that outplacement advice and support they received varied by gender, age, and skill level. Typically, the jobs in which they were reemployed were temporary, part time, and at lower skill levels. (SK)

Content analysis was applied to 500 promotional student brochures to ascertain if colleges and universities portray older persons less frequently and less positively than they do younger individuals. Findings indicated a tendency to depict older persons infrequently and negatively. (DB)

Offers five explanations for recently assessed gender differences in the literacy achievement of male and female students in Canada and other countries. The explanations revolve around: (1) evaluative bias; (2) home socialization; (3) role and societal expectations; (4) male psychology; and (5) equity policy. (SLD)

Discusses a shift in the distribution of first person plural pronouns, as well as changes in the patterns of use of the corresponding verb inflections, in spoken Brazilian Portuguese across four generations of speakers from Rio de Janeiro. (Author/VWL)

Four experiments investigated the development of visuomotor control in sequential pointing in tasks varying in difficulty among 6- to 10-year-olds and adults. Comparisons across difficulty levels and ages suggest that motor development is not a uniform fine-tuning of stable strategies. Findings raise argument for stage characteristics of…