Children worked on a matrix task in either a noisy environment or in a quiet environment. Children's performance on the intellectual task increased with age. In the environment with classroom noise, boys consistently solved more complex matrix problems than did girls. (Author)

A review of previous research has failed to demonstrate that a family life-cycle model is a viable theoretical framework for investigating and understanding patterns of change in marital satisfaction or discord in the American family. (Author)

The study was designed to identify various problems encountered by 194 children who read braille and use conventional basal reading programs transcribed into that medium. The results showed educationally significant variability in chronological age, years in school, and grade level for blind children using basal reader materials designed for…

Data indicate continued sex-role differentiation in perceptions of work outcomes independently of both occupational level and year of graduation. Younger graduates, regardless of sex, were less likely to be concerned with personal development through work and long-range career factors. (Author)

Ratings indicated that learning was of decreasing importance to older groups. However, a large proportion of all age groups reported that their needs were not being met in learning. Analyses of educational needs indicated that adult education programs were needed to improve quality of life. (Author/BEF)

Findings suggested that a deficit in auditory memory rather than cross-modal perception appears to be a factor in poor reading comprehension. (Author/DLS)

Problem solving and related observation behaviors were assessed using 108 subjects in three age groups (4 years, 8 years, and college undergraduates). Interference from uninformative stimuli affected all ages, but decreased at older ages. Only the adults exhibited selective, relevant observation behaviors. (Author/DB)

Results confirmed that children differentially use knowledge of results and suggested that any description of motor skill acquisition must account for the complex interaction between developmental level and the difficulty of the task at hand. (Author/DB)

The relation between imagery-assisted prose recall and field independence was found to be significantly stronger than the relation between control recall and field independence for third graders, but not for kindergartners. (Author)

To identify an easy and effective method by which the classroom teacher can expand student art preferences, this study examined three suggested approaches: habituation; art criticism (Feldman-Mittler Methodology); and art production (studio activities). Combinations of these approaches were studied in interaction with students' grade level. (SJL)

Children, aged 9, 12, and 15, evaluated successes and failures of other children using information supplied about ability, effort, outcome, and sex. Several sex differences were found, particularly in the extent to which evaluations related to effort and outcome information. Findings are compared to those of American and Iranian studies.…

Results suggest that characteristics of the marital lifestyle may impede or facilitate adjustment to marital separation, although salient characteristics may vary for men and women, and change with age. The existence of separate avenues for self-expression constitutes a major resource in coping with the transition to singlehood. (Author)

Minors were found to be less likely than adults to anticipate consultation with a professional regarding the pregnancy, and more likely than adults to perceive decisions about pregnancy disposition and contraception as being "externally" determined. (Author/DB)

The adult learner can profit from instruction and novel experience. A number of educational delivery models were discussed. Aids in learning coupled with teaching strategies were suggested for inclusion in the design of learning environments. The emphasis is on maximization of capacity through recognition of individual differences. (Author/RD)

Data reveal that female counselors were younger, while older counselors had more education. As the level of education increased, so did the number of professional association memberships and time spent in counseling activities. Employment counselors with experienced first-line supervisors tended to be older and had more education. (Author)