This study compared the influence of two play environments on young children's make-believe object transformation behaviors. One environment contained traditional realistic play props; the other contained nonrealistic objects. Subjects were 32 Caucasian children, 17 boys and 15 girls, between 40 and 73 months of age, from working- or middle-class…

The relation of domain knowledge to achievement, and changes in this relation that occur with age and type of memory task, are discussed. First, different mechanisms through which domain-specific knowledge relates to strategy use in memory tasks are summarized. Then, empirical evidence that indicates direct effects of the knowledge base on memory…

Two studies examined homelessness in Augusta, Georgia. The Key Informant Survey, conducted in 1987, involved interviewing individuals (N=42) knowledgeable about homeless people in the community. In the Shelter and Street Surveys of homeless people, conducted in March (N=51) and July (N=71) of 1988, homeless subjects were interviewed concerning…

This study combined data from two random, representative samples of national organizations of psychotherapists to assess the plausibility of predictions derived from a social role model regarding gender stereotypes for women and men of different ages. Broverman's Sex-Role Stereotype Questionnaire (SRSQ) was completed by 322 clinical members of the…

An attempt was made to integrate script and schema-based approaches in an examination of children's early gender role development and gender typing. The examination focused on: (1) young children's sequencing of gender scripts and the relation of this sequencing to children's age, sex, and gender role knowledge; and (2) age-related differences in…

Two studies were conducted to investigate the influence of differing levels of sex role stereotyped and discrepant information on the immediate and delayed memory of young children. Specifically, kindergarten and 2nd-grade children's recall and recognition of stereotyped, moderately discrepant, and highly discrepant pictures were compared. In…

A study looked for age differences in the quality of responses to the Life Review Task (LRT), studied the LRT itself as a tool for exploring wisdom and intellectual functioning in adulthood, and considered personality characteristics and life experience as alternative predictors of response quality. Sixty-three West German women of different ages…

Data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) conducted during 1984 and 1985 by the Bureau of the Census are displayed in tables and charts. Data are derived from disability questions which were divided into four groups. The first group asked about the ability of persons 15 years and older to perform such sensory and physical…

Second- and fifth-grade students were videotaped as they carried out two different free recall tasks that were designed so that several strategies could be used in coordination to produce optimal performance. In an interview immediately following recall performance, each child was asked to describe his or her study activities. The interview…

A study was conducted to examine young children's ideas about a psychology study in which they had participated, and to assess their perceptions about the voluntary nature of their participation. Subjects were 28 third-grade students and 28 fifth-grade students. Findings indicated that while no significant grade level differences existed in…

The paper reports the results of a study which assessed the attitudes of 220 University of Minnesota (Duluth) undergraduates toward handicapped persons in a situational context. The Situational Attitude Scale--Handicapped (Modified) which assesses attitudes toward persons who are blind, wheelchair-bound, deaf, emotionally disturbed, or not…

Developmental differences in two components of allocation of study time were examined: (1) allocating more time to more difficult material (that is, differential allocation) and (2) allocating sufficient time to meet the recall goal (sufficient allocation). In order to make the task simple enough for young children, "easy" and…

This report contains data collected in the school-age child care supplement to the December 1984 Current Population Survey. Questions in the supplement addressed the extent to which school-age children were not in the care of their parents during nonschool hours and the extent to which they were unsupervised by any adult. For each child 5 to 13…

One of the issues facing educators is the increasing number of nontraditional students appearing in the college classroom. Recent conceptualizations of adult reasoning have suggested that there are qualitative differences in reasoning from young to late adulthood. The objective of this study was to examine cognitive differences rather than…

The paper discusses some of the available curricula on the aging, their goals, their shared characteristics, and some outcomes of the curricula. Appearing in several formats for grades K-12 classroom use and including texts, videos, and workbooks, the curricula are presented as activities that may be integrated with other prescribed content. Each…