Neurophysiological aspects of the development and use of accents in language are considered, including the function of age of the second language learner, left brain hemisphere, language tasks, and other neuroanatomical considerations. (CB)

Examination of the types of linguistic knowledge that affect three- to nine-year-olds' (N=60) and adults' (N=12) ability to understand and produce novel compounds in Hebrew revealed that comprehension was achieved ahead of production. Knowledge of morphological form had little effect on comprehension, but was crucial to production. (Author/CB)

The effects of maternal age and social context on the home environment, and maternal behaviors of adolescent and older mothers, as well as the stability of care-giving, were studied. Low-middle socioeconomic status, primiparous, Caucasian mothers and their infants were studied at four months and at two years. (Author/LMO)

Speeded cognitive processing tasks involving card sorting and reaction time were administered to 141 young adults aged 18 to 33 and to 142 elderly adults aged 58 to 73. Confirmatory factor analysis was unsuccessful, but independent analyses revealed different factors for the two age groups. (Author/GDC)

Second-graders, fifth-graders, and adults participated in an experiment of cued recall for cue-target picture and word pairs. Results suggested that differences in the encoding of both specific and categorical attribute information contribute to developmental recall differences independently of encoding intent and stimulus modality. (Author/CB)

Gifted and highly gifted girls in grades four to six were given Piagetian-type manipulative problem-solving tasks reflecting formal operations. Although Flavell suggested that a chronological age of 10 years was necessary for successful completion of these tasks, time allowed was a more valid predictor. (LMO)

Examines the development of work perceptions in adolescents (12 to 18 years old) from a relational-developmental perspective. From this viewpoint, adolescents' perceptions and understanding of work and related areas, such as employment and unemployment, varied across age and, to a limited extent, across levels of formal reasoning operations.…

Explores the effect of continuous training on tonal and auditory memory. Does so by comparing the auditory short-term memory skills of English and American children, ages five, six, and seven. (RKM)

Employed a cross-sectional comparison of 187 mid-level professional managers to assess the relationship of several work-related variables and perceived intellectual aging. Results supported the hypothesis that older managers would report more intellectual processing decline than younger managers, but that both young and old managers would see…

Examined the prominence of intimacy concerns, i.e., connectedness and independent needs in a sample of women in the health professions, analyzing for age and marital status. Used the Life Priorities Q-Sort. Older and single women were found to be significantly more independent than younger and married women. (Author/KS)

Examines school recess playground activities of second and fifth graders. A one-year follow-up assessment also measured logical reasoning, interpersonal understanding, and understanding of game rules. Both grade and gender differences were found in the complexity of children's activities. Discusses results in terms of social and sex role…

An investigation into the linguistic adaptation process of foreign children adopted by Dutch-speaking families in Belgium identified a short, early adaptation period followed by a period of further acquisition, with marked differences between children younger and older than three years. (Author/CB)

A study examined the effect of age of arrival, length of years in an English-speaking country, and linguistic context on the pronunciation of 29 adult learners of English as a second language. Unexpectedly, pronunciation ratings were nearly identical for both retelling a personal trauma and for reading aloud. (MSE)

A synthesis of findings from 46 studies on group-based applications of mastery learning strategies points out their positive effects on both cognitive and affective student learning outcomes as well as on several teacher variables. Variables affecting the success of mastery learning, such as choice of strategy, student grade level, and study…

This study explored the perception of career/family conflict in adolescent girls to determine how that conflict affects their career-related decisions; how this effect changes over time; and the effect of parental attitudes and marital relationships on this process. Research and results are described. (JL)