Assessed temperament of children of 5-42 months of age. A Q-sort measure was used to assess children's attachment security between 12 and 45 months. Analysis of results revealed an association between temperament and attachment security at all ages. (BC)

Thirty young and 10 elderly adults were assessed on orienting auditory attention, in a mixed-modal condition in which stimuli were either auditory or visual. Findings suggest that the mechanisms involved in orienting attention operate in audition and that individuals may allocate their processing resources among multiple sensory pools. (Author/JDD)

Tested children 18 months to 4 years for their ability to relocate a hidden object after self-produced movement around an array of 4 locations. Children encountered no specific difficulty in coordinating dimensions, or they solved the task without recourse to such a system. They also appeared to change strategy when the problem requires more…

This study examined whether toddlers build a repertoire of words as integral sequences of gestures and then differentiate these sequences into their gestural and segmental components. Results demonstrate clear differences in duration and coordination of gestures between children and adults and a shift toward the patterns of adult speakers during…

This study compared 112 younger and older adult monolingual English speakers and English/Spanish bilingual speakers on measures of auditory perception and memory span. The results revealed no age difference in auditory memory span in English but found that both older and younger bilinguals performed better than monolinguals on these tasks.…

Assigned drawings of 217 children (ages 4, 6, 8, and 10) were evaluated for both developmental and ability-related differences. Age-related trends were found in the ability to render perspective with talented children making flexible and elaborate use of perspectival abilities. Artistic abilities other than perspective appeared to be less…

Examined age differences in self-ratings of present and projected past and future cognitive performance across cognitive domains. Findings from 151 adults in their 20s, 40s, 60s, and 80s revealed that performance on fluid/speeded intelligence, memory, and reasoning tasks followed progression of poorer performance with age. Found age differences in…

Third to sixth graders (n=508) completed the Children's Disturbingness Scale. Findings indicated significant multivariate differences for gender and age, with girls and younger students more disturbed by virtually all categories of behaviors. Implications for inclusion are discussed. (Author/DB)

Suggests that the increase in older adults (as compared to young adults) of uses of ambiguous reference is not caused by age- or cohort-related differences in knowledge structures needed to determine coreference based on plausibility; availability or weighing of strategies for using anaphoric devices; or assumptions about the degree of specificity…

Examination of the cases of 24,507 children in Colorado's Child Abuse and Neglect Registry for evidence of revictimization found greater risk for young children, for females, and for physically neglected children. Although greatest risk of revictimization was immediately after the reported incident, the children remained at greater risk of…

This article uses data from the random sample telephone survey portion of the Survey of Oklahoma Dialects to explore the spatial diffusion of linguistic innovations in Oklahoma. The data show that, although some linguistic innovations diffuse hierarchically, others diffuse contrahierarchically, whereas still others diffuse in complex patterns that…

Attempted to establish the incidence of using taught algorithms versus invented methods of subtraction in (n=1,370) male secondary school students and to relate the use of invented methods to age, mathematical achievement, and lateral thinking ability. Use of invented algorithms increased with age. (23 references) (MKR)

Examined the development of self-evaluative biases by having children at 3 age levels (5-6, 7-8, and 9-10 years) evaluate themselves or another child when given social or temporal comparison feedback. Found that there was greater bias for general ability evaluations by older children and greater bias for specific performance evaluations by younger…

Examined the relationship between mothers' attachment strategies and emotion regulation in a sample of 42 families with 2 high school-aged siblings. Found that mothers with preoccupied strategies had difficulty regulating emotion during conversations with their older teenagers about them leaving home. Mothers with secure strategies perceived their…

Demonstrated adequate reliability (internal consistency, alternate form) and validity (concurrent, convergent, and discriminant) of state version of Set 1 and Set 2 of Depression Adjective Checklists with two adolescent samples (total n=602). Lists were shown to be sufficiently sensitive for use in measuring short-term mood. Grade and sex effects…