Some results of seven studies of children's native Finnish language acquisition from 1971-1980 are summarized, focusing on two aspects: the main features in the development of Finnish inflection forms in 2-7-year-old children, and selected information derived from children's errors at the various age levels. Subjects were 260 children attending…

Two experiments investigated children's strategies for solving geometric matrices that were correctly or incorrectly completed and that varied in number of elements and number of transformations. Examining the relationship between working memory and item complexity, the first experiment tested 90 boys and girls of 7, 10, and 13 years of age for…

To investigate the relationships between television watching, spare time reading, homework, and scholastic achievement, the National Assessment of Educational Progress gathered data on television viewing habits. Younger students were more avid viewers than older ones. Half the 9-year olds watched over 3 hours of television daily; most 13-year-olds…

A review of research on the effects of aging on motor performance provided evidence that age-induced changes within the central nervous system, particularly in the functioning of the non-dominant cortical hemisphere, result in diminished fluid abilities. The loss was most clearly manifested behaviorally as a decreased capacity to perform…

The poorer performance of older people in laboratory tests of episodic memory may result from failures or deficiencies in metamemory processes, e.g., failure to monitor task or individual item difficulty. To study age differences in prediction of memory performance, an associative matching task was used to compare young (N=20) and older (N=20)…

Previous research has shown that blacks tend to be concentrated in a narrow range of occupations. While social barriers are recognized as influencing this pattern, constricted patterns of career development also emerge in early exploratory stages prior to career choice. To investigate whether black students' level of vocational identity…

Faculty beliefs regarding the achievement potential of women and minority students may be communicated through microinequities in everyday exchanges. To determine whether women and minority students perceive a less encouraging classroom atmosphere than white male students, 941 students were surveyed using a questionnaire designed for this study.…

Health behavior may be influenced by age, beliefs, and symptomatology. To examine age-related health beliefs and behaviors with respect to six diseases (the common cold, colon-rectal cancer, lung cancer, heart attack, high blood pressure, and senility), 396 adults (196 males, 200 females) divided into three age groups completed a questionnaire…

Children's development of social problem-solving skills and the relationships of those skills to social adjustment were longitudinally investigated from kindergarten through fourth grade. Social problem-solving skills of 300 subjects from three suburban elementary schools in a middle class community in northern California were assessed each year…

The report of the National Longitudinal Transition Study presents initial findings on characteristics of school dropouts since 1985-86 among more than 8,000 youth (ages 13 to 23) with disabilities. The report also addresses characteristics of schools or programs that may affect the decision to drop out among disabled youth. The first section…

Little is known about the power strategies adolescents view as effective in influencing an intimate partner to have or avoid having sexual intercourse. These strategies were examined in a pretest survey of 203 adolescents who reported their agreement or disagreement with strategies used to have protected sex or to avoid having sex with a…

An examination of children's sentence structure in Korean argues for a verb phrase (VP) constituent in child grammar, but suggests that this does not necessarily support its existence in adult Korean grammar. Korean children, it is noted, generally restrict their sentences to one word order, subject-object-verb, despite the existence of another…

An experimental study of the interpretation of lexical anaphors and pronouns by Icelandic-speaking children is reported. The standard binding theory of English is reviewed, and problems in the application of the theory to Icelandic, which has long-distance antecedents, are discussed. A parameterized binding theory constructed to account for the…

A 12-month outcome study was conducted on 129 patients discharged from a hospital-based substance abuse treatment program in an effort to identify the progress of patients after treatment, evaluate the treatment program, and improve the program based on the evaluation. Subjects completed two demographic questionnaires and a 12-month post-discharge…

Research examining alcohol consumption by using Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale has reported conflicting results, possibly related to comparisons of clinical groups of alcoholics with nonclinical light drinkers or to an overuse of correlational statistics and a lack of appropriate controls. This study sampled a wide range of ages…