The purpose of the study was to investigate children's understanding of "before" and "after" in temporal directions, in temporal questions, and in pictorial events through the use of three interview methods. The subjects for the study were 62 children, ranging in age from 40 to 80 months, enrolled in a half-day, private nursery/kindergarten…

A study of working women was conducted to test the hypothesis that prior sex-role attitudes influence subsequent labor force behavior which, in turn, affects later sex-role attitudes. Separate data were collected for younger (ages 14-24) and older women from the National Longitudinal Surveys during the period of 1967-1972. Findings revealed that…

Kindergarten, first, second, third and fourth grade disadvantaged Black children were given the A-State and A-Trait scales of Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC). For the grades K-2 samples, the STAIC A-State scale was administered under two stress conditions: mathematics and communication achievement tests. The…

Cognitive self-instructional (CSI) programs have been successful in improving problem-solving skills in many, but not all, children. The importance of understanding the influence of subject characteristics in self-control studies, while often ignored in actual research, has been repeatedly advocated verbally. This paper presents a study designed…

The seven articles in this journal issue examine trends and topics related to radio and other broadcast media. The articles discuss the following: (1) current trends in radio audience measurement, (2) the policy implications of radio research, (3) a research study of the relationships between age and radio usage, (4) the role of the part-time…

Longitudinal and intervention laboratory studies were conducted to investigate the effects of viewing televised violence on the aggressive behavior of elementary school children. In the longitudinal study 505 children were studied over a 3-year period. The measures used included peer nominated aggression, aggression anxiety and popularity,…

It was hypothesized that four different "life lines" would affect sex role orientations, specifically intimacy, parenting, grandparenting, and work. Subjects were 74 men and 43 women, white, upper middle class with a mean education level of 14 years. Each participant completed a demographic questionnaire, the Bem Sex Role Inventory, a…

The effects of three levels of living conditions for two age groups of individuals were examined relative to sub- and total-alienation scores as measured by the Dean Alienation Scale. Subjects were 38 older adults and 42 college students. The young adults felt more isolated than the elderly, and nursing home residents felt more powerless and…

A LINEAR MODEL WAS DEVELOPED TO DETERMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE AGE CHARACTERISTICS OF A COMMUNITY AND THE AMOUNT OF LOCAL PUBLIC FUNDS ALLOCATED PER PUPIL IN ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS. THE MODEL TESTED THE HYPOTHESIS THAT THE LEVEL OF LOCALLY RAISED EXPENDITURES FOR EDUCATION IN EACH STATE COULD BE PREDICTED BETTER WITH KNOWLEDGE OF…

AN ATTEMPT WAS MADE TO DEVELOP METHODS FOR OBSERVING AND MEASURING CURIOSITY IN CHILDREN. SPECIFICALLY, THE STUDY WAS DIRECTED TOWARD STIMULUS VARIABLES RELATED TO CURIOSITY AROUSAL, THE RELATIONSHIP OF AGE AND IQ TO INDEXES OF CURIOSITY, AND THE EFFECTS OF CURIOSITY ON LEARNING. SUBJECTS WERE APPROXIMATELY 30 CHILDREN FROM BOTH THE SECOND AND THE…

Results of two studies investigating children's abilities to use different kinds of cues to infer another's affective state are reported in this paper. In the first study, 48 children (3, 4, and 6 to 7 years of age) were given three different kinds of tasks (interpersonal task, facial recognition task, and vocal recognition task). A cross-age…

A study explored the means by which children apply knowledge of the television medium and of the real world in distinguishing among the levels of reality and fantasy presented on television. Fifty-four second-, fourth-, and sixth-grade children were presented with a series of paired (reality/fantasy) television shows. They were asked to choose…

The English language portions of appropriate levels of the Language Assessment Scales (LAS) were administered to 193 English-speaking monolingual elementary school students. The students were aged 5-14, and had average reading achievement scores on the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills. On the basis of the publisher's norms, maturational trends in scores…

This experiment investigated the effect of children's successive encounters with a large scale environment on their subsequent reconstructions of that environment. Twenty children (10 boys, 10 girls) at each of three grade levels (kindergarten, two, and five) reconstructed from memory the spatial layout of buildings in a large model town. All…

It has been suggested that the average age of community college students is increasing and colleges should adjust their policies accordingly. In an effort to investigate this assertion, the average age of Oakton Community College students enrolled during the fall 1978 semester was calculated. The relationship between student age and number of…