Korean, Chinese, and American children were given identical free-narrative interviews about life events and were shown a narrated story. Children were then interviewed about the story. Compared to others, Americans provided more references to specific past events, more descriptives, more references to internal states, and more mentions of…

The learning activities and styles of 398 gifted and nongifted Hong Kong Chinese secondary students were assessed using the Chinese version of the Learning Styles Inventory. Gifted students indicated significantly greater preferences for learning styles related to interpersonal verbal exchanges and autonomous learning than typical students.…

Considers how educators need to know more about self-esteem in males and females of different grades with different reading achievement levels. Attempts to determine the difference of fourth and sixth graders' self-esteem. Suggests that educators must do more to instill a genuine curiosity and love for reading to have boys in our nation's schools…

A study investigated the psychometric validity of current language impairment, communication activity limitation, and quality of life measures for differentiating 18 typical adults from 18 adults with chronic aphasia. Results indicated there existed significant relationships among some demographic variables and performance on the measures,…

A college administered the computer-adaptive ACCUPLACER (College Board, 1995) reading placement test to 399 entering students and its paper-and-pencil version, COMPANION, to 481 students. When the age of the two groups was held constant, no differences were found between the groups. (SLD)

Describes a study of Australian post-secondary technology students that tested learning preferences using the Canfield Learning Styles Inventory. Topics include gender differences, age group differences, print versus nonprint, collaborative versus dependent learning, self-directed learning, and implications for the design of flexible delivery.…

Two experiments used Visual Expectations Procedure to investigate development of expectations in infants up to 12 months old. Reaction time improved and the percentage of anticipations increased between 6 and 9 months using an alternation pattern or a complex pivot pattern, and between 4 and 8 months when using a left-right alternation or a…

Three experiments investigated 4-, 6-, and 8-month-olds' perception of the audible, visible, and combined attributes of bimodally specified syllables. Results suggested that at 4 months, infants attended primarily to the featural information, at 6 months primarily to the asynchrony, and at 8 months to both features independently. (Author/KB)

A survey of 181 students indicated that negative attitudes toward homosexuals were associated with being younger, having less education, being male, and having less-educated parents. Regression analyses supported a mediational model in which low self-esteem leads to less-positive contact with homosexuals, which leads to more heterosexist beliefs.…

Theory on the patterns of generational cycles is examined as a context for looking at Generation X, born 1961-1981. General cultural and historical background characteristics of this group's members, their sociocultural traits and attitudes, and their relationship with their predecessors, the Baby Boomers, are discussed. (MSE)

In this study of 256 adolescents, it was expected that the group of adolescents referred for psychiatric treatment would have a narrower friendship network than the control group and that their friendship relations would be more conflictual and less rich in terms of attachment. The hypothesis was confirmed for the older referred adolescents. (TJQ)

Examines among- and within-group needs and in-home and community-based service utilization by Mexican American, Cuban American, and Puerto Rican elderly people. Needs for care were the strongest predictors of in-home service utilization, and enabling factors were the strongest predictors of community-based service utilization. (JPS)

Examined relation of maternal age to 4-year-olds' verbal comprehension and mother-child interactions on a book-sharing task. Found children of mothers ages 35 and over at child's birth scored significantly higher on verbal comprehension than children of younger mothers. Found no maternal age differences on the book-sharing task. Findings pose…

Two experiments related structure of a task to underlying cognitive mechanisms. Found that 3-year olds were no better at predicting behavior from partially true beliefs than from entirely false beliefs. Three- and 4-year olds, and autistic children had distinct performance profiles across tasks. Concluded that conceptual foundations for a…

Considers the nature and developmental functions of physical activity play. Distinguishes three kinds of physical activity play with consecutive age peaks: rhythmic stereotypies, exercise play, and rough-and-tumble play. Considers gender differences and function in terms of immediate and deferred consequences in physical, cognitive, and social…