Observed preschool children with their parents at two separations and reunions at nursery school to determine the role of proximal and distal factors. Parent and child pairs behaved in reciprocal and complementary ways, indicating mutual influence. (BB)

Managers and students received age-related or neutral information, then viewed videotape of interview of old or young job applicant. Under neutral condition, managers preferred young applicant for low-status job; students favored old applicant for high-status job. Under age-related condition, managers favored old applicant for low-status job;…

Administered questionnaire with 46 occupations and tasks to over 1,300 elementary and secondary students, asking whether each item should best be performed by man, woman, or either; the number of "either" choices defined "liberality." Found that females were more liberal than males in their perceptions of gender-role division; younger students…

Use of acoustic reflectometry was compared with tympanometry in middle ear screenings for 357 children, aged 5 months to 19 years. Results were analyzed according to sex, age, and sensorineural hearing status. Intratest reliability was highly significant and positive predictive accuracy and specificity rates were excellent, but sensitivity rates…

Comparison of oral and written language samples collected from young and elderly adults revealed an age-related decrease in language complexity. Better-educated subjects had higher vocabulary test scores and produced longer utterances. Subjects with greater memory capacity produced more complex utterances and used more right- and left-branching…

Elementary schools generally expect similar achievement levels of children who are 12 months apart in age at the kindergarten level. Suggests 11 steps to apply practices to primary grades that are common in working with younger children that allow for the normal variation in development that exists among children. (MLF)

Examines code mixing and borrowing across two generations of New York Puerto Ricans, and explores the possibility of existence of a lifecycle of language use in the community. (26 references) (Author/OD)

Finds that, among 2,397 heads of poor Southern households in the March 1986 Current Population Survey, race and education were significant determinants of employment status in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, respectively. Age and receipt of welfare in the previous year were important factors in both areas. (SV)

Compared secondary school students who used cocaine (N=411) or crack (N=156). Found that crack users were younger than cocaine users, made poorer grades, were more depressed, and were more likely alienated from family and friends. Crack and cocaine users were equally unlikely to confide in anyone in their school if they had drinking or drug…

Analyzes the time children of different ages, sex, and proficiency levels spent on various compositional processes while creating a melody. Suggests that the amount of time used for exploration, development, repetition, and silence has an effect on the subject's ability to replicate the melody. Finds developmental differences in strategies for…

This study of 852 subjects in Barcelona (Spain) between 4 and 9 years old estimated the degree of consistency among elements of the Borelli-Oleron Performance Scale by taking into account item clusters and subtest clusters. The internal consistency of the subtests rose when all ages were analyzed jointly. (SLD)

Compared developmental and historical influences in career aspirations of college women using longitudinal and cross-sectional data. Hypothesized that no response differences exist between older survey group (N=74) and younger group (N=255) when college freshman responses were compared (developmental), nor between survey respondents in 198l and…

Subjects were first, third and fifth graders of high, low, and average status who were observed during recess. Results suggested the need for additional consideration of contextual factors for a more complete understanding of the entry process. Prior findings from laboratory analogue research appeared to replicate in naturalistic conditions. (RH)

Explored agreement in occupational field between adolescents' career aspirations and expectations and influence of gender, grade in school, and locus of control on amount of agreement. Results from 500 secondary school students revealed little agreement in occupational field between career aspiration and expectation, and also indicated no grade,…

Using a cohort-sequential design, identifies period, age, and class effects influencing the use of 12 different classes of drugs, both licit and illicit, by American youth aged 18 to 28 who were surveyed annually between 1976 and 1986. (Author/BJV)