Traditional- (n=103) and nontraditional-aged (n=85) women majoring in education were surveyed concerning the relationship of multiple roles to student role strain and affective well-being. Multiple role incumbency was unrelated to student role strain for either group but was positively related to well-being in the nontraditional-age group.…

A study examined the relationship between student evaluations of teaching effectiveness, age of faculty, and timing of retirement among tenured faculty. Results suggest a significant but small impact of age, varying by discipline. Uncapping of mandatory retirement appears to raise no major concerns for dramatic deterioration in teaching…

This study evaluated Frith's 3-phase model of reading acquisition with 300 children in 2 cohorts who were followed from kindergarten through grade 3. Varying relationships were found among global language abilities, word recognition abilities, and reading comprehension depending on grade level. Implications for the study and treatment of…

Some higher education officials say the end of mandatory retirement may lead to lower faculty turnover and could reduce opportunities for young scholars, mainly members of minorities, women, and younger faculty in the departments for which the individual institution is most respected. (Author/MSE)

Two college faculty members offer thoughts about their own academic careers, the nature of academic life, faculty compensation, and social and educational changes. The comments reflect views emerging from different generational experiences. (MSE)

Surveyed secondary school girls in 1984 (n=442), 1989 (n=395), and 1992 (n=367) to assess changes in use of weight reduction/control techniques. Found significant decrease in dieting, fasting, and use of appetite suppressants among high school students. Middle school students reported significant increase in fasting and no change in medication use…

Results of a large-scale evaluation of early and middle immersion programs in the Toronto (Ontario) area, involving 4 districts and 26 grade 8 classes, suggest that middle immersion yields less consistent performance levels than early immersion. Overall, findings favor early immersion. (11 references) (Author/MSE)

A study compared the English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) performance of secondary school students who had participated in intensive ESL instruction in grade five or six and those following regular ESL instruction in elementary school. Students with early instruction maintained the English language superiority acquired during the program. (eight…

The effects of age, response modality, and specific emotion on knowledge of happiness, sadness, anger, and fear in 45 preschoolers of 26-54 months were examined by means of puppet presentations. Results emphasize the emerging but sizable understanding of emotion on the part of young preschoolers. (CB)

Piaget's hypothesis that children's interactions with peers during middle childhood are essential to their moral reasoning development was tested with 48 female preadolescents who were paired with a female agemate or their mother. Subjects paired with peers showed more sophisticated moral reasoning and used more active transacts in their…

A total of 30 kindergarten and second, fourth, and sixth grade students from Taiwan and the United States were asked to make category inclusion and typicality judgments for 6 categories. Findings suggested that cultural familiarity with instances plays an important role in the development of category knowledge. (RH)

A survey of department heads in 101 research and doctorate-granting universities investigated career movements before becoming the chair, length of tenure, first and second career moves of their predecessors in the chair, and the relationship of variables such as discipline, department size, age, gender, hiring practices, and previous…

Examined relationship between personal assistance and level of productivity, using sample of 30 Japanese adults with severe physical disabilities. Found that married individuals who used nonfamily, paid assistants were among most satisfied; and married, older, and less educated individuals were among most productive. (Author/NB)

Study of problems experienced by ninth and eleventh grade Israeli students (n=1,645) indicated that younger adolescents were concerned with studies/career problems and with social "I"; older adolescents were concerned with existential issues and army/national service. Boys were concerned with existential issues, army/national service,…

Examined children's visual self-recognition. Lower-SES maltreated children did not differ from lower- or middle-SES comparison children in the development of self-recognition. Differences between the samples in the quality of affective reactions to mirror self-images were observed. (BC)