Describes an investigation of five aspects of Korean students' images of scientists: (1) mental image; (2) physical image; (3) source of image; (4) "scientists around us;" and (5) "my favorite scientist." Finds that Korean students' stereotypical views of scientists were influenced more by affective and ethical personal…

This study compared spoken and written narratives of school-age children (N=20) with language learning disabilities (LLD) with chronological age (CA) and language-age (LA) peers. For the spoken summary, productivity measures and grammatical complexity were significantly lower for children with LLD than for CA children. Expository writing was…

Reviews a study conducted at the University of Plymouth (United Kingdom) to establish the psychological basis for user responses to digital videoconferencing. Discusses possible predictor variables, including left and right brain laterality and factors of age and gender; measurement of behavioral and affective responses in distance learners;…

Examined endorsement of values pertaining to family obligations in adolescents and their parents from immigrant and non-immigrant groups. Found evidence of general developmental processes (family obligations were endorsed more by parents than adolescents in all groups), processes associated with immigration (intergenerational discrepancy increased…

A study examined variables that might mediate the incidence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in 20 Australian child witnesses (ages 6-12) to domestic violence. Results found PTSD was not mediated by maternal emotional well-being, age and gender of the child, or the child's style of coping with parental conflict. (Author/CR)

A study, using Myers-Briggs Type Indicators, of 256 dental students in four classes found introverted students performed better on the National Dental Board Examinations but had progressively lower class rank over four years and experienced more major academic difficulties. Judging and sensing students had higher rank than perceiving and intuitive…

Surveyed junior and senior high students. Found that adolescents' identity exploration and commitment reflect institutional transitions: those facing transition to senior high exhibited more exploration and commitment related to future education and occupation than younger students. Concerns with a future family increased with age and were…

The purpose of this split-sample regression study was to determine whether quantitative and verbal scores on the Graduate Management Admissions Test, undergraduate grade point averages, age, and gender differentially predicted performance for 198 MBA students. Findings suggest that commonly used predictor variables may predict achievement…

A study investigated variables that differentiated 75 successful and 76 unsuccessful students (ages 6-16) with serious emotional disturbances (SED). Four variables emerged as significant predictors of the unsuccessful outcome group: increasing enrollment age, presence of conduct or opposition disorder, lower verbal IQ, and absence of depressive or…

Matched pairs of 177 adult students in a cohort degree program and 165 in a noncohort degree program were surveyed. Cohort groups had higher grade point averages and significantly higher affective learning. Males, younger students, and those early in their program gained the most from cohorts. Overall cohort gains were not as high as those in…

Concepts of human differences were studied among 5th and 11th graders in the United States, Japan, and China. Relative to their peers, more American students noted differences in appearance/attractiveness and material resources; more Japanese noted various physical features, and more Chinese noted specific behaviors. With increasing age, Americans…

Tested control theory using protective effects of personal and social assets and risk effects of personal deficits on deviant behaviors of drug use, delinquency, truancy, and weapons possession. Analyzed data from students in grades 6-12 using structural equations modeling. Second order factors of assets and deficits explained deviant behavior.…

Examined longitudinally conceptions of parental authority and ratings of parental rules and decision-making among middle- class African American adolescents and their parents. Found that nearly all subjects affirmed parents' legitimate authority to regulate and children's obligation to comply regarding oral, conventional, prudential, friendship,…

Individuals with Down syndrome (n=49) were assigned to three groups: those showing cognitive deterioration, those comparable in age, and those not showing cognitive deterioration but younger. Those experiencing cognitive deterioration were less likely to receive day services, had more impoverished life experiences, and required more support.…

A study investigated the extent to which personality traits associated with teaching effectiveness changed with aging, mediating the relationship between age and teaching. Peer ratings of 29 personality traits and student evaluations of teaching for 33 full-time psychology faculty, ages 33-64, were examined. Teaching effectiveness was found to be…