Investigates age differences in selective attention in a coded visual search task where subjects were given different types of information about target location before trial onset. (Author/SS)

Age-dependent differences in the relationship between physical attractiveness and the social perceptions of acquainted classmates were investigated in children (n=160) 3-10 years of age. (Author/MP)

Some recent research is examined on childrens' perception of pictures. Implications are drawn for those who create and use illustrated childrens' books. (SJL)

In order to provide descriptive information on the nature and extent of children's difficulties on starting school, 260 London children in their first term at infant school were rated by their teachers on a scale covering a wide range of behavior. (CM)

Fifth- through twelfth-grade students completed a causal attribution questionnaire and were asked to choose one of three games to play. Students who attributed their own success on achievement tasks to ability, effort, or luck were more likely to prefer to perform tasks that were compatible with such beliefs. (Author/RD)

This article reviews recent investigations into intentionality (use of motive information) in young children's moral judgments. Intentionality has been shown to vary as a function of the vignette used to measure it. The educational implications of Piagetian theory and cognitive social learning theory for moral development are discussed.…

This study investigated the strength and modifiability of young children's sex-typed behavior in toy choices, toy play, and preferences for games and occupations. Subjects were nursery school, kindergarten and first grade children. (CM)

A total of 122 middle-class White boys and girls aged 3 through 12 years were interviewed to determine the nature and the development of their concepts of death and the impact of experience on those concepts. (Author/BH)

Anticipated counseling behaviors of college students and their preferences for counselors of both sexes and four different age groups were explored in a hypothetical counselor study. Results indicate students anticipated that their verbal interactions with the counselors would be influenced by the combined effects of counselor sex and age. (Author)

Employment data from the 1960 and 1970 censuses were organized using Holland's occupational classification to examine age, sex, and level differences in employment, and to detect changes over the 10-year period. Results provide structured information about the workforce and its changing nature that can be communicated to people planning careers.…

The Speech Perception in Noise Test was administered to nine native-Mexican Spanish-speaking adults who learned English either before age 6 or after age 14 and nine monolingual American-English adults. Levels of noise at which speech was intelligible were significantly higher and the benefit from context was significantly greater for monolinguals…

Brings together the Census data from 1891 to 1991 on the numbers of Irish, Manx, Scottish Gaelic and Welsh speakers in all part of the British Isles, with the exception of England. Concentrates on changes in the age structure of the Celtic-language-speaking populations as well as on the percentage of people speaking the language. (Author/JL)

Comparison of two word identification training programs with 122 severely reading disabled children in grades 2 through 6 found both the phonological and the strategy programs resulted in significant improvement in word identification and word attack skills and sizeable transfer-of-training effects. Children at each grade level made equivalent…

Examined relations between children's temperament, ability overestimation, and accidental injuries. Found that watching peer failure on physical tasks was related to conservative ability judgments for same task. Surgency/Undercontrol was related to 6-year-olds' judgment accuracy and to 8-year-olds' decision times. Ability overestimation was…