Reports on a study of user-based relevance interpretations which considered the nature of users' thought processes in evaluating bibliographic citations produced by a document retrieval system. Factors found to be important include an individual's subject knowledge, professional training, educational background, anticipated usage of documents,…

The relationship of print exposure, measured by the Title Recognition Test (TRT), to word reading and reading comprehension was studied for 36 reading-disabled and 49 nondisabled students in grades 5 through 9. The power of the TRT to predict word reading and reading comprehension is discussed. (SLD)

Examines psychological and sociocultural adjustment during cross-cultural transitions for 115 Malaysian and 30 Singaporean students in New Zealand and 156 Malaysian students in Singapore (186 males and 115 females). Discusses predictors of psychological and sociocultural adaptation and culture-specific results. Results suggest a clear distinction…

Reports on a study of general library skills, online catalog skills, and attitudes toward and use of the library among undergraduates at Indiana University, South Bend. Amount of library instruction, frequency of computer use, grade point average, and experience with online catalogs were analyzed for the effect on library skills test scores.…

Describes a quantitative method for measuring probable success among university applicants, devised to introduce an admissions procedure at Beirut University College that will reduce failure and dropout rates. Predictor variables included type of high school, language of instruction, recommendations, sex, high school grades and major, and entrance…

This study examined the development of reading and phonological processing abilities of 209 first graders assessed at the beginning and end of the school year. The discriminant analysis, based on reading and intelligence data, correctly identified later group membership (students with and without reading disabilities and "garden variety" poor…

Studies factors associated with fear of crime for 585 African-American urban residents from Atlanta (Georgia) and Washington (DC). Many residents thought the streets were safe day or night. Gender was a predictor of fear of crime during the day, and gender and age predicted fear of night crime. (SLD)

Development of a self-report rating scale providing information about students with academic/social integration difficulties is reported. The questionnaire was tested with 192 incoming first-year students at a technical institute for the deaf. Results show the instrument useful in early evaluation and diagnosis of adjustment problems and helpful…

Tested serial work recall of young and old adults in an effort to examine developmental reserve capacity in old age. Results showed magnification of differences early in training, and prediction of posttraining scores by the digit symbol substitution variable. (BC)

At 30 months, children who were later considered dyslexic were deficient in length, sytactic complexity, and pronunciation of spoken language. At three years, children were deficit in receptive vocabulary and object-naming, and at five years, in phonemic awareness and letter-sound knowledge. These deficits were not found in normal reading children…

A study investigated the extent to which 2 Australian college entrance examinations, sex, and field of study predicted first-year performance of 1,695 students entering the University of Western Australia. Results show that in some fields, students are being admitted with an unacceptably low chance of successfully completing the first year. (MSE)

The effects of home environment on achievement in and attitudes toward computer literacy was studied via administration of a 37-item computer-literacy questionnaire to 193 public school students in grades 5 through 10. Home environment was a better predictor of attitudes toward computer learning than it was for student achievement. (SLD)

The work of J. Eccles and others (1983) in proposing an integrative theoretical model of achievement behaviors was extended using data from the Second International Mathematics Study. Strong support was found for the constructs identified by the model as determinants of the intention to take more mathematics courses. (SLD)

A study investigated the relationship of students' age, race, gender, father's occupation, anxiety, and field independence with grade point averages, first-term grades, and standardized test scores in 85 freshman medical students in a variety of courses. Implications of the findings for different fields are discussed. (MSE)

A study investigated the relationship of high school seniors' (n=44,259) standardized test scores to their achievement in related high school courses frequently required or recommended for college admission. Results suggest the quantity of courses taken does correlate positively with test scores. (MSE)