This research study examines the influence of the pacing condition of massive open online courses (MOOCs), be they self-paced or instructor-paced, on the demonstration of cognitive presence in such courses. The research is informed by the Community of Inquiry (CoI) model of Garrison, Anderson, and Archer (2001), a framework that identifies three…

Despite years of educational reform, many students do not perform on grade level, and all graduates are not prepared to succeed in college. As a result, there has been a renewed interest in personalized learning. This qualitative case study explored the thinking and decision-making processes of teachers who implement personalized learning for…

Theory of mind is the understanding that other people have mental states that drive their actions and that those mental states can be different from one's own. Without understanding theory of mind and being able to take others' perspectives, it could be difficult for children to read and understand narrative texts. This paper posits that…

Students of all ages can learn to think like artists! "Studio Thinking: The Real Benefits of Visual Arts Education" changed the conversation about quality arts education. This new publication shows how the eight Studio Habits of Mind and four Studio Structures can be used successfully with younger students in a range of socioeconomic…

In 2013, the Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO), working collaboratively with state education agencies, released a set of criteria for states to use to evaluate and procure high-quality assessments. The mathematics section of the document included five content-specific criteria to evaluate alignment of assessments to college- and…

In the paper, the results of a study into a problem of cognitive barriers (difficulties) related to the third component of a pedagogical triad "how to teach what to teach to how to be learned study" are reported. At the first stage, methodical approaches to academic performance rating for students learning mathematical and…

Emotional intelligence (EI) refers to a set of competencies to process, understand, and reason with affective information. Recent studies suggest ability measures of experiential and strategic EI differentially predict performance on non-emotional and emotionally laden tasks. To explore cognitive processes underlying these abilities further, we…

Spatial reasoning is critical across the STEM disciplines. Examining deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) children's spatial reasoning in mathematics, particularly geometry, as an embodied phenomenon opens new possibilities for deaf education. The authors inquire into the embodied processes and forms of DHH learners' spatial reasoning, considering how…

This study explores how students' social support are related to their engagement, by administering the Chinese Version of Zimet's Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS-C) and the Student Engagement Scale to 225 deaf or hard-of-hearing (D/HH) school students in mainland China. Results show that, among all participants, those…

Background: Teaching is more complex than dealing with the cognitive aspects of learning alone and is also influenced by affective states. Because of this, more research is needed into the role of teachers' emotions in classroom interaction. Of special importance is research into reflective thinking and the extent to which it may be disturbed by…

Unlike the other studies on emotional design in multimedia learning, the present study differentiated the two confounding variables of visual interface design and structured content to manipulate the instructional material. Specifically, we investigated how the visual aesthetics of positive emotional interface design influenced learners' cognitive…

Background: Studies have reported positive effects of physical activity on cognitive executive functions, such as inhibitory control and creativity. These studies predominantly compared scenarios of sports participation vs. no sports participation or reduced sports to simple aerobic exercises. However, whether the type or intensity of physical…

Discussion forums provide students with accessible platforms for group discussions in e-learning environments. They also help lecturers to track and check student discussions. To improve student learning, it is important for lecturers to identify students' cognitive engagement in discussion forums. Therefore, this study aims to investigate…

Understanding students' behavior while solving tasks at various levels is essential for the support educators may provide to students. The current study reports on a large-scale exploration of students' activity in an online learning environment for mathematics, while comparing between lower-order thinking (LOT) and higher-order thinking (HOT)…

Computational thinking has received tremendous attention from computer science educators and educational researchers in the last decade. However, most prior literature defines computational thinking as thinking outcomes rather than thinking processes. Based on Selby and Woodland's framework, this study developed and validated the Computational…