Results of a census-sample study (model appended) of earnings differentials between men and women in three types of employment (government, private, and self-employment) indicate a need for policies to: (1) alter practices of financial institutions and suppliers toward self-employed women and (2) insure job-advancement for others. (Author/AJ)

The occupational rights of state employees have traditionally been determined by statute, but more recently by collective bargaining. This note considers whether determination of the rights of public employees through informal contractual procedures will meet the requirements of the fourteenth amendment due process clause. (LBH)

The effects of fiscal crisis on labor-management relations in New York City are discussed along with the broader implications of the New York experience. It is suggested that the crisis has chilled the public's attitude toward public employees, resulted in new pressures on the collective bargaining process, and prompted a reexamination of…

Discusses the possibilities of teaching on demand to meet the continuing education needs of employees through distance learning. Topics include use of new educational technologies, including intranet, the Internet, and World Wide Web; graduates who would help teach; global applications; and virtual graduate schools. (LRW)

Describes a simulation that was used in an English as a second language class designed for Southeast Asian government officials enrolled in an English for International Communication program in conjunction with Canadian cultural immersion. Discusses results of a questionnaire that investigated students' responses to and perceptions of the…

Describes efforts at the University of Virginia to change climate for women within the institution. Describes the process of organizing women, forming a task force, identifying barriers, and producing changes. Concludes that partnership between an association of faculty and staff, and a supportive senior administration has enabled change to come…

Explores how managers handle performance problems by isolating particular confrontive techniques recommended by managers. Addresses how these techniques enhance both alignment between managers and employees, and managerial control. Divides techniques into three categories: alternatives to confrontation, investigative actions, and fault finding.…

Discusses the effects of the employer sanctions provisions of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 on employers and undocumented immigrants. The following steps toward a just policy are considered: (1) repeal of employer sanctions; (2) fair treatment of Central Americans; and (3) recognition of the effect of U.S. foreign policy on…

To explore the treatment fidelity of employee safety-belt programs, 614 organizations were divided into 2 groups: those that had (n=183), and those that had not (n=431) conducted an evaluation. Multiple regression analysis of associated data indicated that evaluation-active organizations were generally more active in other program areas. (TJH)

Studies involving several population types (300 college students and 222 adults) and an assessment of related research examined assumptions that stress adversely affects physical health. Results indicate that self-report measures tend to overestimate the true association between stress and health due to the existence of negative affectivity…

The influence of cultural practices on the cognitive development of largely unschooled children was investigated among 23 candy sellers and matched non-vendors between 10- and 12-years-old who resided in northeast Brazil. Findings are interpreted as supporting a model of cognitive development in which children construct novel understandings while…

The Chevron/Mayoral Fellowship program in New Orleans is described. The program provides private funding to support 30 selected high school students each summer in internships in city government agencies. Evaluation after three years has been positive and demonstrate the potential of a governmental/public/private educational program. (DB)

By order of the Civil Service Commission of Belgium, Didascalia, the University of Antwerp developed an adaptive system for evaluating second-language proficiency. A computer model based on probability and information theory was developed; the first module of the ATLAS test currently assesses approximately 15,000 civil servants yearly. (one…

Job applicants (n=114) for a nonmanagerial position were administered the California Personality Inventory (CPI) before hiring. Two-year postemployment ratings of employee characteristics were used as criteria to validate the Work Orientation and Managerial Potential CPI scales. Scales were correlated to the ratings, but not to employment status.…

The validity of the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire as a measure of organizational commitment in the Japanese culture was studied with 1,481 Japanese employees. The three-factor model was a better fit to the data than the one- or two-factor models. Results support the cross-cultural utility of the measure. (SLD)