The use of group approval as a social reinforcer and related methods in group presentation of programed instruction were investigated in a series of studies. The efficacy of programed instructional materials is frequently limited by their inability to command and maintain adequate attention and motivation. To consider social reinforcement effects…

The basic hypotheses were (1) children with detailed exposure to objects would increase in knowledge of the complexity of objects but would also exhibit a corresponding increase in object-picture discrepancy, (2) children exposed only to pictures would show minimal object-picture discrepancy but would exhibit a lower response repertoire, and (3)…

This paper reviews previous research and describes a study about the use of psychophysiological indicators (skin conductance response--SCR and heart rate--HR) to measure people's reactions to violence. The review of research describes attempts to gauge the association between people's attitudes, personality, and physiological responses when they…

The results obtained by three test administration modes were examined with a focus upon systematic bias due to lack of standardization of test administration procedures. The My Class Inventory was administered to ninety classrooms of fifth grade students in a large suburban school district. The 45 items on the inventory are distributed over five…

This paper characterizes appropriate content for drill activity, gives various cognitive levels of drill exercises, and provides ways in which to measure and report students' progress on drill activities. Drill is a method of teaching that utilizes repetition to assist students in acquiring new skills and refining existing skills. The success of…

The Inter-American Test of General Abilities (TOGA) for bilingual children has parallel Spanish and English forms which have been used to determine language proficiency and dominance. Generally, there has been little emphasis on measuring such physical test features as size, spacing, color, and typeface. The purpose of this study was to determine…

The report presents the findings of a study conducted to determine priority areas for research in vocational-technical education in Maine for 1975-77 as perceived by practitioners. A list of vocational education research areas was developed as a survey questionnaire and administered to 244 professional staff members of the seven postsecondary…

The research was conducted to identify competencies appropriate for adult basic education (ABE) teachers who use the adult performance level (APL) approach, and to determine which are critical for ABE/APL teachers. A jury of APL authorities was impaneled to: (1) validate that all ABE competencies established by Mocker in 1974 were appropriate for…

The report describes the Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS), an instrument designed to measure the following classes of variables: (1) objective job characteristics, particularly the degree to which jobs are designed so that they enhance work motivation and job satisfaction; (2) personnel affective reactions of individuals to their jobs and work setting;…

The research study uses available data from the Comprehensive Career Education Model (CCEM) to examine relationships between diffusion factors and the acceptance of the developed curriculum units. A brief overview of the project is provided with recommendations for designing linkages among curriculum development agencies. The data came primarily…

This investigation developed and validated a simulation device to measure a teacher's ability to identify verbal and nonverbal emotions expressed by a student. The instrument, Teacher Affective Sensitivity Scale (TASS), consisted of videotaped excerpts of teacher-learner interactions from actual and simulated episodes. Each simulation excerpt was…

The purpose of this study was to obtain quantitative nonevaluative data about verbal behavior used by instructor and students in the foreign language classroom. Two beginner and two intermediate German classes were tape-recorded for two weeks, then coded according to patterns. Frequencies of various verbal behavior patterns were analyzed. A…

This final report gives the findings of a government research project, the broad objective of which was to determine the existence of heightened covert oral behavior in the performance of tasks in which the response class had not yet been empirically studied and to ascertain the function of the covert oral response. Areas covered by this report…

The literature on learning research pertaining to the internal processing operations of the learner was reviewed. The current thinking of learning theorists regarding the nature and importance of these processes in learning and retention is described, and their significance for instructional technology is examined. Verbalization, imagery, and…

Protosynthex III (PSIII) is a language processing system developed as an (as yet inadequate) experimental vehicle for testing student responses, with a view to constructing a model of an automated tutor. A version of the PLANIT system was modified so that a human tutor could be used to make instructional decisions in response to students'…