This position paper was written to assist teachers and administrators in Oregon in preparing curriculum and setting priorities for kindergarten programs. It begins by asserting that the focus of kindergarten instruction should be on the total development of the child: socioemotional, physical, and intellectual. The need for concrete learning…

The study compared the life outcomes of four groups of graudates (N=844) from the Maryland high school class of 1981: regular education/nonvocational, regular education/vocational, special education/nonvocational, and special education/vocational. Data were analyzed to determine how special education graduates differed from regular education…

This review of the literature on prosocial behavior in the elderly provides empirical data on the prevalence of helping behaviors among the elderly and the range of motives underlying their helping. Implications of these data for theories of social behavior in later life are considered, and questions are raised about the validity of the models…

The chapter outlines an approach to teaching behavior-disordered students to follow the largely unwritten rules of being "good students." A section on research and theory addresses attributions and perceptions, dependence, study skills, and social skills training. Assessment philosophy and procedures are reviewed, including the collection of…

Gerontological studies have found that satisfaction with life is greater among those who are still employed. To determine what contributes to a meaningful life when employment is no longer the person's dominant life theme, time-budget instrumentation was used with 130 residents of residential retirement centers in Indiana. Subjects completed…

Examined psychological separation from parents, parental conflict and dominance, and parental symptoms in relation to the problems of college students. Found interpersonal conflict in the family and intrapersonal distress among family members were related. Conflictual dependence of the student on parents and conflict between the parents were…

Reports effects of institutional regimes on levels of dependency among residents of public homes for the elderly in England. Differences in management practices and caring routines did not affect the creation or reduction of dependency among residents. Questions the rationale that informs some current notions of good practice in residential work.…

Examined the prominence of intimacy concerns, i.e., connectedness and independent needs in a sample of women in the health professions, analyzing for age and marital status. Used the Life Priorities Q-Sort. Older and single women were found to be significantly more independent than younger and married women. (Author/KS)

Discussion of learner control in the educational process focuses on adult distance education. Independence, power, and support are described as the three components of control of the learning process, and the concept of control as it relates to the communication process between student and teacher is discussed. (LRW)

Assesses Congress's role and development. Concludes that the Constitution's framers designed institutions well-matched to the Constitution's most fundamental purposes. If those purposes remain desirable, changes should be kept marginal. Some marginal changes are suggested. (PS)

Suggests instructional methods and communication strategies for second language learning which include the students' need to express themselves in non-pedagogic situations. Elements of basic awareness of face-to-face interaction are also presented. (Author/CB)

Investigated the relationship between a man's sex role identity and his female partner's perceptions of his influence on her life choices. Sex role identity was measured by the Bem Sex Role Inventory, and perception of influence was measured by the Interpersonal Influence Survey. Counseling implications are discussed. (Author/KS)

Uses data from a national sample of students (Grade 7 through fourth college year) to examine the relationship between students' personalities and educational self-direction (the use of initiative, thought, and independent judgment in schoolwork). Reports that greater self-direction in schoolwork increases the self-directedness of the students'…

Describes components of self-reliance and discusses three methods that can be used effectively to make children more self-reliant: behavioral patterning, expectation, and modeling. (HOD)

An interview with an experienced, inner-city elementary school principal. Discusses forms of creative-insubordination, a practice by which local administrators disobey district orders for the good of the school. Weighs the advantages and dangers of discretionary decision-making. (KH)