Compared associations of family decision making, identity formation, and self-esteem in Turkish and American late adolescents. Questionnaire results from 82 university students in Turkey and 101 American students in the United States show both groups are more similar than different in their level of identity formation. Differences were found in…

Reports of parenting styles were assessed in 100 mostly white, middle-class, 6th, 8th, and 10th graders and their parents. Adolescents viewed their parents as more permissive and more authoritarian than parents viewed themselves, whereas parents viewed themselves as more authoritative than did adolescents. Differences were primarily over the…

The importance of providing option-rich environments that facilitate the growth of individuals with disabilities toward self-determination is emphasized. Of concern is the centrality of self-determination, constraints to self-determination, and strategies to encourage individuals to become self-determined. (Author/SW)

Examines whether federal courts and the application of free-speech standards in academia are the proper ways to deal with the difficult issues faced by higher education. The author argues that they are not, and uses the Levin and Jeffries free-speech cases to illustrate this. (GR)

Observations and interviews of 20 middle-class preschoolers and their mothers were conducted to examine the emergence of the personal domain. Found that preschoolers make a conceptual distinction between personal and moral or conventional issues, and that mothers were more likely to negotiate with children over personal than social events. (MDM)

A series of 6- to 10-week programs in creative collage were given to disabled elderly residents within a special care facility. The program stressed choice, decision making, and personal autonomy in the design process. Participants were involved in all stages of the creative process including exploration, manipulation, establishing a unity,…

Tested 502 skilled nursing facility residents within 4 weeks of admission, then 3 and 12 months later, to determine impact of deciding and wanting to make move on well-being and adjustment. Examined physical, social, and psychological functioning; social interaction; activity; satisfaction with services; and discharge. Findings suggest interactive…

Criticizes author Maxine Greene's position in "The Dialectic of Freedom" because, in the reviewer's opinion, she never really considers the interconnection between community, tradition, authority, and meaning. Proposes instead, the ideas of Gregory Bateson as offering a more contemporary epistemology and seminal notions on which to…

Three students (ages 5-10) with profound intellectual, sensory, and physical disabilities were taught to activate a communication device to request the continuation of activities in which they were involved. The intervention consisted of a consistent response interval and increasing time delay paired with decreasing physical assistance in…

The article outlines plans for a national (New Zealand) demographic and services study of older mentally handicapped adults. Results from interviews with 91 individuals are summarized and indicate a wide range of skills and life experiences. The ability of older people with intellectual disabilities to participate in service planning is discussed.…

The president of the American Association on Mental Retardation looks at recent trends in the field in the context of moral values. The paper notes positive trends toward more inclusionary programs and policies and emphasis on consumer empowerment and urges professionals to support and assist clients as they exercise their right to…

Examines the reflexive self, defined as the ability to reflect and consider who one is in relation to others, with examples from the experiences of gifted children and adolescents. Concepts of self-efficacy, self-image, self-concept, self-esteem, self-deception, and self-discrepancy are explored. (DB)

Describes a World-Wide-Web-based course-support environment for a university course in instructional design, explains how the environment was used as part of the course experience, and summarizes student evaluation of the course. This augmented learning process is characterized as a "tele-learning" situation because telematics applications were…

The theory of psychological reactance provides a useful framework for understanding perceived client resistance. This article elaborates on how this theory can be helpful to human services interns, particularly in the areas of client socialization, client motivation, and therapeutic pacing. A case example from adolescent treatment is included.…

Primary and secondary schooling experiences of 21 adults (seven each from Denmark, Germany, and United Kingdom) showed positive views of primary and postcompulsory education but reservations about their progress in early secondary schooling. Results were attributed less to adolescent development factors than to management of the transition from…