The purposes of this study were to investigate adolescent intellectual decline, and to attempt to determine some of the sexual differences possibly inherent in the phenomenon. It was hypothesized that (1) girls would decline in greater numbers and to a greater degree than boys; and (2) areas and amounts of sex differences of the decliners would…

Relationships among instrumental, supportive, and participative leader behaviors, task variability and task interdependence, and job satisfaction and organizational commitment were examined in a police command bureaucracy. (Author)

The authority-based powers, traditionally the exclusive domain of principals, have been weakened by court decisions and collective bargaining. The principal must seek and develop ability-based powers--referent power and expert power. (Author/MLF)

The author describes the psychological phases of crisis and discusses ways in which health service personnel may help counselors in crisis intervention. The key to crisis intervention is not the nature of the event, but the perceptions of the individual experiencing the event and his ability to cope with it. (MJB)

The study investigated the association of school superintendents' Machiavellian orientation and self-perceptions of influence as well as school board members' and other administrators' perceptions of superintendent's influence. (Author/JC)

Classroom supervisors should recognize their role in teacher preparation by aiding their student teachers in areas of weakness rather than by expecting them to be "finished products." (MB)

Summarizes literature about fatherhood in the United States today and various resources available to those who work with fathers and families. Topics covered include summary of fathering literature across the family life cycle; implications for family and public social policy, and fathering resources. Fathering resources discussed are book,…

Discussion of the roles of the instructional design specialist (IDS) and the subject matter expert (SME) in designing effective instruction for a training program focuses on the role of the SME. Characteristics of four consulting models are described, and stages of the SME/IDS relationship are summarized. (LRW)

The emerging role of mentally retarded persons as contributors is considered through a review of research on (1) their contributions in the family, (2) their contributions in the school, (3) their contributions in the community, and (4) their contributions to society. (DB)

Through research on personal perspectives of community workers, the author has identified a gap between theory and practice in the area of community work. She argues that ideology is the bridging mechanism through which one explains and redevelops practice and defines the nature of the process. (CH)

A model for analysis of eight different consultant roles, ranging from "directive" to "nondirective" on a continuum, is presented. Defining the scope and focus of responsibility of a consultation, utilizing consulting resources, and a sample of a questionnaire on faculty advising are discussed. (MLW)

Nineteen older women gave their perceptions of great-grandmotherhood. They modeled their behavior on their earlier role of grandmother, but age and lack of geographic proximity restricted their ability to carry it out in the same way. Great-grandmotherhood was significant for symbolic and emotional rather than social and instrumental reasons.…

Suggests reassessing the value of being well-rounded and adopting a surrendered lifestyle as a way of achieving higher levels of self-direction. Presents examples of successful people who have surrendered themselves to their roles in life, empowered by being able to invest themselves in being somebody. (JAC)