The generalizability issue is reviewed through previously published results and by presenting new data. When classes (teacher-course combinations) are used as the object of measurement, studies show very consistent results. However, when either the teacher or the course is treated as the object of measurement, with the other being a facet over…

The purposes of the study were to design a Future World Perspective Values Scale, test the validity and reliability of the scale, and collect data on teachers' and students' values. The scale was designed to measure the four value constructs of selective economic growth, adaptive technology, international cooperation, and world economic justice.…

This handbook aims to help parents become more familiar with the testing that goes on in their community schools. The first two chapters provide general background on testing, giving the reason and scope of educational testing today, and highlighting the fundamentals of the testing-measurement process. Chapters 3 and 4 consider the various…

Forty three-option multiple choice (MC) statements on a midterm examination were converted to 120 true-false (TF) statements, identical in content. Test forms (MC and TF) were randomly administered to 50 undergraduates, to investigate the validity and internal consistency reliability of the two forms. A Kuder-Richardson formula 20 reliability was…

The differences between aggressiveness and assertiveness were examined using the Interpersonal Behavior Survey (IBS), a 136-item self-report questionnaire which was developed to distinguish between assertive and aggressive behaviors. Item level factor analysis was used in scale construction. Results indicated that: (1) the correlation between the…

A measurement device, Assessment of Sensorimotor Integration in Preschool Children, was developed to assess postural control, reflex integration and bilateral motor integration in developmentally delayed children (3 to 5 years old). The test was administered to 113 normal children and results were compared with data collected on 23 developmentally…

Standards for evaluating criterion-referenced tests are presented. Twenty-one standards, grouped in three categories, are discussed. Category one is defined as measurement properties and is comprised of conceptual validity, including description of the domain, test item agreement with objectives, and item representativeness of the objectives; and…

FACTORS PERTAINING TO INFORMAL READING TESTS WERE ANALYZED. SUBJECTS WERE 100 EIGHTH GRADERS IN A JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL. THE MEDIAN NONVERBAL INTELLIGENCE TEST SCORE FOR THE GROUP WAS 116.37. THREE INFORMAL READING TESTS WERE ADMINISTERED -- THE INFORMAL READING INVENTORY, THE EXPERIMENTAL READING INVENTORY, AND THE BOTEL READING INVENTORY. THE…

The Ohio Trade and Industrial Education Achievement Test battery is comprised of seven basic achievement tests: Machine Trades, Automotive Mechanics, Basic Electricity, Basic Electronics, Mechanical Drafting, Printing, and Sheet Metal. The tests were developed by subject matter committees and specialists in testing and research. The Ohio Trade and…

This final report presents a description of a test combining cloze procedure and an entropy analysis (CLOZENTROPY), designed to measure the compatibility of a foreign student's English with that of his peers who are native speakers of English. This test, and the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) were administered to 48 foreign students…

Many instruments designed to assess reading comprehension reflect instructional tasks that have not clearly been shown to be a part of the process of comprehension. If the measurement instruments are to have construct validity, however, they must be created to reflect what we know about cognitive processing. Recent work in cognitive psychology has…

The purpose of the study was to develop and validate a new method for measuring the subjective information of written materials in mathematics. In order to support the theoretical validity of the new measure, the study provided a derivation of the measure from Shannon's original information formula. Then the measure was used to measure the…

The purpose of this study was to construct a device to measure the cognitive outcomes of inquiry social studies among fourth through sixth grade students. Seventy-five items judged to reflect the cognitive levels of comprehension, application, analysis, and evaluation formed an experimental test given to 694 students. The students were enrolled in…

The minimal comprehension principle asserts that the act of comprehension must entail an interaction between an incoming linguistic message and the reader's world knowledge. An analysis of current tests of reading comprehension indicates that test passages are likely to draw broadly from knowledge of the world, so that some of the variability in…

The cloze test requires a student to fill gaps in a text with appropriate words where every nth word is deleted. The cloze procedure forms a test of a reader's ability to predict, on the basis of context, what word will occur. Test marking may be narrow, in which only the exact word omitted is counted as correct, or broad, where any acceptable…