In most elementary classrooms, students with autistic characteristics are too often dismissed from the literate community. The autistic child is frequently asked to practice memorizing sight words while classmates are introduced to literature. Although autistic children are increasingly being taught in general education classrooms, they are often…

Provisions for children with specific learning difficulties were studied in 27 secondary schools in 5 regions of Scotland. Specific learning difficulties were seen as functional weaknesses in students who might otherwise be intellectually able. Questionnaires were completed by the schools to determine: number of students with specific learning…

This paper describes Project LITERACY-HI, an ongoing 3-year federally funded study of the benefits of electronically enhanced text for mainstreamed students with hearing impairments. Preliminary information documents the ongoing difficulties with reading experienced by most students with hearing impairments. The project is creating electronic…

A study was conducted to identify strengths and weaknesses in vocational teacher preparation and attitudes for working with special populations students in secondary education in Indiana. The study collected information from 527 vocational teachers representing 39 of the 47 area vocational districts (about one-half the vocational teachers in the…

This paper reports on a comparative study of mainstream and special school services for pupils with special educational needs in Scotland. The study examined trends in the placement of pupils with Records of Need, considered implications for special schools of serving a changing population, and investigated the capacity of mainstream schools to…

This paper describes a process for restructuring service-delivery models for inclusion in New York State schools. The process is based on several assumptions, some of which include: (1) Home-zone school placement or choice/magnet school options are the preferred placement for special education students; (2) inclusion models must restructure…

Responding to a shortage of special education teachers with multicultural training, the University of Utah designed a series of American Indian specialization courses for teachers, leading to a master's degree in professional practice. Essential course components include cultural awareness, nonbiased assessment, specialized curriculum and…

This handbook describes the processes and techniques used to develop, implement, and evaluate four integrated vocational and academic learning programs in Wisconsin that included students from special populations. The handbook contains seven chapters. Chapter 1 presents an overview of the project, including the request for proposal process and…

This paper reviews the literature on inclusion of children with emotional and behavioral disorders in regular education classrooms and proposes implementation of an inclusion program at one elementary school in Texas. The literature review covers the following aspects of inclusion: teacher selection and their expectations, professional…

Current efforts to reform special education have focused on the inclusion of students with disabilities in general education settings. The success of inclusion is contingent upon preparing general education teachers at the preservice level for inclusive classroom settings. This paper describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of an…

Conjoint behavioral consultation (CBC) is a structured, indirect form of service-delivery in which parents, teachers, and other support staff work together to address the academic, social, or behavioral needs of an individual for whom all parties bear some responsibility. As such, CBC exemplifies a model of partnerships for children wherein school…

This guide describes eight skills every teacher should learn that were derived from a study of 252 schools in 50 states, American territories and protectorates, and 14 foreign countries over a 16-year period (1980-1996). Interviews were conducted with 769 teachers, 253 administrators, and 23 other school personnel. The skills include: (1) the…

In considering what to do with the normally existing diversity in a group of children coming to a school intended for all, the concepts of integration, segregation, inclusion, and exclusion must be considered as characteristics of school aims, organization, and work. Questions related to these concepts are particularly pertinent in a discussion of…

This paper draws on the observations of an international college student with an upper socio-economic background from Kenya who, prior to graduate work in the United States, had almost no contact with people with physical disabilities. The paper explores the construction of accessibility and disability on a college campus as viewed from a semiotic…

This book is a collection of photographs and accompanying text that focuses on the inclusion of high school students with disabilities in general education classrooms in New Hampshire. For each topic, a black-and-white picture is presented of a student with a disability in a general education setting. The opposing page has a paragraph on what…