A way of identifying non-random patterns of effects on a group of individuals as a result of some intervention when a sample of participants is arrayed according to some indices of similarity is presented. The principle of proximal similarity and the concept of pattern matching provide the background for this effort. Major advantages are the…

The Individual Scaling with Individual Subjects (ISIS) procedure appears to be a viable implementation of an incomplete design for collecting real as well as simulated data. Applied to a multidimensional set of data, it reduced the number of judgments required by more than half and yet gave the same number of dimensions. (Author/RC)

It is shown that the Stone-Coles method is not a content method, but rather an alternative to the ordinary distance methods. As such, it is argued, it is of limited value. (Author)

Monte Carlo procedures were used to investigate the properties of a nonmetric multidimensional scaling algorithm when used to scale an incomplete matrix of dissimilarities. Recommendations for users wishing to scale incomplete matrices are made. (Author/RC)

A nonmetric multidimensional analysis is used to identify the subscale structure of a creativity inventory. The instrument used assesses attitudes, interests, motivations, values, and other personality and biographical matters which characterize creative individuals. (Author)

Monte Carlo procedures are used to develop stress distributions using Kruskal's second stress formula. These distributions can be used in multidimensional scaling procedures to determine whether a set of data has other than random structure. (Author/JKS)

Techniques are developed for constructing confidence regions for each of the points in a multidimensional scaling solution. Bayesian credibility regions are discussed, and a technique for displaying these regions is described. (Author/JKS)

Two popular models for performing multidimensional scaling, Tucker and Messick's points-of-view model, and Tucker's three mode model, are combined into a single analytic procedure, the 3M-POV model. The procedure is described and its strengths are discussed. Carroll and Chang's INDSCAL model is also mentioned. (JKS)

A procedure is described for minimizing perspective error when calculating a scaling factor for any subject at any perpendicular distance from a camera, provided the subject touches the ground, and represents one way in which perspective error can be used to provide valuable information. (MJB)

Exploratory multidimensional scaling and confirmatory nonparametric procedures were used to represent data from similarity rating and sorting tasks on nine animal names administered prior to and following the reading of two stories using those names as main characters. Changes in structure were related to authors' intent. (Author/JKS)

Two-dimensional euclidean planes and additive trees are two of the most common representations of proximity data for multidimensional scaling. Guidelines for comparing these representations and discovering properties that could help identify which representation is more appropriate for a given data set are presented. (Author/JKS)