As the history and statistics of busing indicate, the greatest demand for it has come from rural states, where population is scattered and the consolidated school district is typical. But urban and suburban areas have begun to use busing more heavily than before. Not only has busing become a safety factor in crowded urban areas or suburbs where no…

This is a fourth in a series of reports concerning the progress of the busing program in District Four, Chicago, Illinois, covering the school year of September 1970-June 1971. The four purposes of the plan as originally stated are as follows: (1) to relieve serious overcrowding at the May and Spencer Schools; (2) to promote stabilization through…

Contents of this issue of "Inequality in Education" include: (1) "Busing is not the issue," Reubin Askew, Governor of Florida; (2) "Pupil transportation: a brief history," Paul V. Smith; (3) "White parents' fears," Patricia Derian, which discusses the desegregation of the schools in Jackson, Mississippi in the late 1960's from the point of view of…

In this school desegregation case, plaintiffs sought declaratory and injunctive relief against acts of the defendants allegedly violative of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The complaint, filed on March 28, 1968, claimed that the defendants have acted to create and maintain unlawful racial…

Part of the desegration plan for the Detroit Public Schools included the construction under federal court order of five area vocational schools, the first to open in January 1980. Describes steps in program planning, initial lack of public support for vocational education, and growing community support for the concept. (MF)

This report is one of a series exploring the way several important school districts across the country are dealing with the problems of separate and unequal education for minority students. The working of the choice and magnet school program of the Montgomery County (Maryland) public schools, a system that has never been under a court order to…

The process of school desegregation has been taking place in an evolving context forged at each stage from the interaction of parties having different visions, desires, and interests. From a review of the literature on school desegregation from 1960 to 1975, it is possible to trace significant alterations in perspectives on desegregation and their…

This paper presents a set of new ideas which support the value of school desegregation in the United States. First, school desegregation efforts have been almost universally effective, no matter what implementation strategy was employed. Even busing, although widely criticized, has been effective. Second, desegregation efforts have usually…

University retention rates for minority students are low and no significant increase in minority attendance is occurring. Most universities are not open-door, and special admissions policies for blacks have been halved since 1969. Other problems are the lessening of recruitment efforts and differences between blacks' expectations of the university…

This fourth report of the Desegregation Monitoring and Advisory Committee examines the problems in the implementation of a desegregation plan for the St. Louis, Missouri public schools. The organizational role of administrative and volunteer personnel and the process of obtaining information through school visitation is discussed. Problems of…

Resegregation is the process by which students are separated into racially or ethnically isolated groups within desegregated schools. Resegregation may result from the traditional practice of sorting students into apparently homogeneous groups through ability grouping and tracking and through student selection for compensatory education, special…

This project report examines strategies for effective school desegregation based on case studies of individual schools, national school surveys, ethnographic studies of classrooms, trend analyses, opinion surveys and conference interviews, and court documents. The strategies identified in the report include the attainment of one or more of the…

This report examines State level strategies designed to promote local desegregation efforts as reflected in pupil reassignment plans, housing desegregation, community involvement, and changes within schools. The case histories and results of successful desegregation litigation in thirteen States are discussed. Also presented are the following task…

This paper explores the theoretical and research contributions of many authors concerning group status and intergroup relations. Highlighted are: (1) Coleman's insights on the classroom reward structure; (2) Pettigrew's principles for successful ethnic contact; (3) Sherif's experimental work on the reduction of intergroup hostility through the…

These papers examine sociological and political problems associated with school desegregation on the local level in Dallas, Boston, Columbus, Cincinnati, Indianapolis, Detroit, and Los Angeles. Each presentation addresses several of the following concerns: (1) community and school composition, racial and ethnic ratios, and business and political…