Peer nominations and teacher ratings were used to examine age and sex differences in behaviors associated with perceived coolness during middle childhood. Participants were 470 students in Grades 1, 3, and 5. Participants nominated peers whom they perceived as cool; separate scores were calculated for samesex coolness and cross-sex coolness (i.e.,…

The objective of the present study was to investigate prosocial behaviour, aggression types and moral and social rule knowledge perceptions of 4-5 year old preschool children. The study sample included 310 children (154 female and 156 male), who were attending a pre-school education institution during the 2017-2018 academic year. A personal…

This study aims at determining faculty members' level of the organizational toxicity, and to make statistical comparisons based on selected demographic variables. The research design is a relational survey. The study is conducted on 707 academic staff working in various academic units at three state universities in Turkey. The data were gathered…

A Friend is truly a treasure, in accordance with age and competence's qualitative changes. The aim of this study was to confirm the increase in friendship competence and its multifactorial nature in 3- up to 10-year-old children, and to verify gender differences, and parenting influences on the concept of friendship. A semi-structured interview…

Research has shown elevated rates of peer victimization among transgender youth in schools, placing them at risk of an array of negative social and psychological outcomes well into adulthood. We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2015-2016 California Healthy Kids Survey to examine rates of physical victimization (physical acts such as being…

Juvenile delinquency is one of the most complex social issues confronting both developing and developed nations in today's rapidly changing world. In China, adolescent criminality is likewise increasing at an alarming rate. In this study, we examined the status quo of juvenile delinquency in China, elucidated the reasons for adolescent crime from…

Language serves as a mechanism through which children are able to interact and communicate with others. Thus, when children do not develop language at a typical pace, there may be cause for concern. The purpose of the current study was to examine the language production of children displaying various forms of social withdrawal (reticent,…

Research Findings: The present study explored the extent to which teachers' participation in professional development focused on children's social-emotional learning moderated the relation between self-reported burnout and teacher-child interactions. The sample included 307 Head Start preschool teachers who participated in a large randomized…

Teacher turnover is a significant issue in education that negatively affects students' academic performance and instructional continuity. While multiple factors impact turnover, the effects of violence directed against teachers on turnover have rarely been explored. The current study examines the extent to which (dis)empowerment applies to…

This study examined prevalence, types, bully and victim characteristics, times and places bullying occur, relationship between class size and bullying, and relationship between teachers' level of education and preschool bullying. Participants were a convenience sample of 246 Turkish preschool teachers working with children between 36 and 72…

Teacher-directed violence (TDV) by students is a growing concern in Western Australia (WA) with 8,500 students suspended in 2017 for committing TDV. This study investigates the prevalence of TDV reported by WA primary and secondary teachers, as well as the associations between TDV and gender, education sector and Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas…

Identifying factors that influence peer aggression and victimization is important because of their high prevalence rates and associated negative outcomes during early adolescence. Limited research has examined the impact of environmental and contextual factors, such as school climate, on peer aggression and victimization. This study longitudinally…

Students are at the heart of teaching and learning. Students will learn effectively if they are willing to learn. However, students may conduct disruptive behaviour in the classroom. This study addresses these following objectives: (1) to describe the forms of students' disruptive behaviour; (2) to describe the sources of students' disruptive…

This paper studies the impact of compulsory schooling on violent behaviour and victimization in school using individual-level administrative data matching education and criminal records from Queensland (Australia). Exploiting a legislative increase in the minimum dropout age in 2006, this study defines a series of regression-discontinuity…

Background and Objective: Sixty countries worldwide have banned the use of physical punishment, yet little is known about the association of physical and nonphysical forms of child discipline with child development in a global context. The objective of this study is to examine whether physical punishment and nonphysical discipline are associated…