ERIC Number: EJ1474998
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2025-Jul
Pages: 17
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-1363-755X
EISSN: EISSN-1467-7687
Available Date: 2025-05-12
Estimating Age-Related Change in Infants' Linguistic and Cognitive Development Using (Meta-)Meta-Analysis
Anjie Cao1; Molly Lewis2; Sho Tsuji3; Christina Bergmann4,5; Alejandrina Cristia3; Michael C. Frank
Developmental Science, v28 n4 e70028 2025
Developmental psychology focuses on how psychological constructs change with age. In cognitive development research, however, the specifics of this emergence is often underspecified. Researchers often provisionally assume linear growth by including chronological age as a predictor in regression models. In this work, we aim to evaluate this assumption by examining the functional form of age trajectories across 25 phenomena in early linguistic and cognitive development by combining the results of multiple meta-analyses in Metalab, an open database. Surprisingly, for most meta-analyses, the effect size for the phenomenon did not change meaningfully across age. We investigated four possible hypotheses explaining this pattern: (1) age-related selection bias against younger infants; (2) methodological adaptation for older infants; (3) change in only a subset of conditions; and (4) positive growth only after infancy. None of these explained the lack of age-related growth in most datasets. Our work challenges the assumption of linear growth in early cognitive development and suggests the importance of uniform measurement across children of different ages.
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Infant Behavior, Age Differences, Developmental Stages, Predictor Variables, Cognitive Development, Meta Analysis, Measurement, Databases, Infants
Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Information Analyses; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A
Data File: URL: https://github.com/anjiecao/metalabr_exp
Author Affiliations: 1Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; 2Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; 3École Normale Supérieure - PSL, Paris, France; 4Hochschule Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany; 5Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, Netherlands