A meta-analysis was conducted of 107 classroom and laboratory studies concerning the effects of expecting a recall, recognition, essay, multiple-choice, or true-false test on students' subsequent achievement. Laboratory studies did not generalize well to classrooms. In classroom studies, subjects performed better when they knew which test type to…

A study used hypertext to analyze links between 45 learning/instructional theories, 18 concepts, and 17 learning domains in the Theory into Practice (TIP) database. Results suggest that there is less overlap in theories of learning and instruction than commonly assumed. Use of this kind of tool for research and practice is discussed. (MSE)

The development of a hypothetical testing program designed to provide optimum information about student achievement is chronicled. Computer adaptive testing and performance testing are postulated as part of the program. What optimum information really means is discussed. Optimum is only optimal when theory and application are balanced. (SLD)

Discusses Louis E. Raths' educational theories and their implications for classroom teaching. Maintains that theories of children's empowerment have existed in Rath's work for 50 years. (BB)

Interviews with five beginning teachers in a one-year Alberta internship program revealed that the relationship between intern and supervising teacher determined the intern's identity and status and whether the experience promoted professional development. Interns believed that internship should be integrated into preservice teacher education.…

Theories of motivation suggest three approaches to enhancing college student learning: (1) reshaping students' overall achievement orientation; (2) creating the expectation of success; and (3) increasing the value of academic outcomes by helping students develop personal goals and identify means of achieving them. (MSE)

Explores why K-12 music educators have been slow to incorporate research results into teaching practices. Reviews types and roles of music research, their value, application and relevance to teaching. Suggests teachers will become more effective by integrating research into music programs. (NL)

Reviews research done in conjunction with educational reform in the Soviet Union, highlighting the work of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences. Criticizes research for short-sightedness, lack of coordination, and failure to unite theory and practice. Delineates shortcomings and calls for greater integration and a broader, more creative vision for…

The Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is evaluated using a unified view of test validity that requires that validity be considered from an approach requiring many sources of corroboration. A review of available literature suggests insufficient evidence to support the tenets and claims about the utility of the MBTI. (SLD)

This paper is concerned with pupils' learning of the concept of variable in the LOGO programing environment and how this relates to teaching. Results from three research projects are described and compared in a discussion of how improvements in learning have been influenced by a refinement in teaching method. (Contains 21 references.) (Author/MDH)

Describes the incorporation of practical experience into the physical education student's measurement and evaluation class. Describes a Chicago program in which Indiana university students assist with physical fitness tests of 500 Chicago fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade students. (GLR)

Contends that metaphorical thinking can help teachers and students construct new contexts for instruction and learning. Describes the use of metaphors as the basis for a preservice elementary social studies education course. (CFR)

Examines issues, especially definitional issues, in the practical application of effective naturalistic instructional (NI) practices in the instruction of young children with disabilities and their families. Suggests guidelines for describing independent and dependent variables in the procedural and contextual features of research into NI. (DB)

This study with a second-grade child with multiple disabilities in an inclusive setting applied (1) self-management instruction, (2) generalization methodologies (general case programming and multiple exemplars), and (3) a high level of teacher involvement in designing and monitoring the self-management plan. Implications for researchers and…

This study evaluated a positive peer-reporting procedure on positive and negative peer interactions, peer acceptance ratings, and the daily problem behaviors of a 15-year-old boy with multiple behavior and social problems. Results suggested the procedure was effective in all three domains. Data collection and use is discussed in terms of a Level…