Forty dyslexic children were given a version of the Stroop test which requires subjects to respond to attributes of a set of stimuli while ignoring the conflicting information that derives from another attribute. A negative linear relationship emerged indicating that greater reading proficiency was associated with less interference. (MKM)

The author refutes the conclusions of S. Finnegan's paper (see EJ 223 666) on the relationship between reading ability and auditory discrimination. (Author/PHR)

The author focuses on braille literacy as the primary tool for equal education for visually handicapped individuals. The need for braille proficiency is stressed and the importance of braille ability for individual achievement is described. (PHR)

Four variations of the cloze procedure were tested. It was concluded that the matching procedure is best suited for testing English-as-a-second-language students at the elementary level. (Editor)

Investigated with 15 elementary or secondary grade nonretarded exceptional children was the correlation of spatial problems with difficulty in reading, writing, and spelling. (DB)

Examined whether age-related working memory deficits in learning disabled (LD) readers across four age groups (7, 10, 13, and 20) reflected retrieval efficiency or storage capacity problems. Found that LD readers' working memory performance was inferior to skilled readers' on verbal and visual-spatial working memory tasks across all ages.…

Examined relations among phonological awareness, music perception skills, and early reading skills in 100 preschoolers. Found that music skills correlated significantly with both phonological awareness and reading development. Music perception skills contributed unique variance in predicting reading ability, even when variance due to phonological…

Forty second-graders, 20 good and 20 poor readers, completed a /ba/-/da/ temporal order judgment (TOJ) task. The groups did not differ in TOJ when /ba/ and /da/ were paired with more easily discriminated syllables. Poor readers' difficulties with /ba/-/da/ reflected perceptual confusion between phonetically similar syllables rather than difficulty…

Examines reading-attainment data from 2,583 children around 5 years old in their first year of school in Edinburgh, Scotland. Finds best predictor of attainment at the end of the year is attainment at the beginning of the year. Other variables such as free school meals and special needs had significant explanatory power. (Contains 16 references.)…

Examines the relationship between teachers' judgments versus actual performance on curriculum-based measures in reading was examined. Correlations between teacher judgment measures and student performance found that teachers were accurate reporters of student performance levels in reading. However, some questions were raised whether teachers were…

Investigated the relationship between auditory temporal processing of nonspeech sounds and phonological awareness ability in 8- to 12-year-olds with a reading disability, placed in groups based on performance on Tallal's tone-order judgment task. Found that a tone-order deficit did not relate to performance on order processing of speech sounds, to…

Outlines two theoretical positions regarding the developmental origins of the phoneme as a unit for lexical representation and processing--the accessibility and emergent positions. Employs a Lexical Restructuring Model, which focuses on the role of vocabulary growth. Notes that this restructuring is viewed as an important precursor to the explicit…

Argues that use of intelligence as an aptitude benchmark in the definition of dyslexia conceals illogical assumptions about the concept of potential. Concludes that the validity of a severe discrepancy between aptitude and achievement as the defining feature of dyslexia has yet to be established sufficiently to justify differential educational…

Describes three metacognitive abilities important for learning: self-knowledge, task knowledge, and self-monitoring. Identifies six metacognitive characteristics that separate proficient readers from less effective readers. Lists five principles on which independent learning is based. (RS)