This study estimates pretreatment-posttreatment effect size benchmarks for the treatment of major depression in adults that may be useful in evaluating psychotherapy effectiveness in clinical practice. Treatment efficacy benchmarks for major depression were derived for 3 different types of outcome measures: the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression…

It is widely agreed that college students do not fully participate in the political process. The most commonly cited reasons are apathy, indifference, and ignorance. This article presents an activity that aims to help students learn about communication dynamics in the context of political campaigns and develop an appreciation and confidence about…

This article discusses the use of distance courses as an in-service training mechanism for early childhood personnel. The authors evaluated the efficacy of the in-service, satellite based distance course HeadsUp! Reading (HU!R). The analysis of HU!R data revealed that there were no initial differences in the Language and Literacy Early Childhood:…

The aims of the present studies were to test the generalizability of the modality and dialogue effect to open learning environments, previously found by Moreno and Mayer (e.g., Moreno, Mayer & Lester, 2001) with an agent providing metacognitive support. As an extension, the agent's continuous presence effect on learning was also tested. Three…

The present study examined the effect of a 10-session couple communication program developed by the researcher on passive conflict tendencies among married couples. The research was carried out with 28 married couples, 14 participants in the control group, and 14 participants in the experimental group. The design of the research was an…

The telephone has a long history as a distance learning technology. This study investigated its impact on the satisfaction and achievement of online students. To measure satisfaction, the expectancy disconfirmation paradigm was used. Online students completed an instrument based on this paradigm at the beginning and end of the semester. A randomly…

Striving for equitable assessments that can contribute to classroom learning for linguistic minorities is a goal of increasing importance as the national population of English language learners continues to rise. This study investigated classroom assessments for English learners in middle school life science courses in two California schools. A…

This guidebook is one in the Target Topic Series developed to highlight issues and concerns related to effective community education operation. It is intended for the community educator and community education advisory council member who wish to gain a better understanding of advisory councils. The material provides a framework for advisory…

This guidebook is one in the Target Topic Series developed to highlight issues and concerns related to effective community education operation. It is intended for the community educator and community education advisory council member who want to implement programs in their community. A pretest covers material discussed in the guidebook. This…

The study reported here directly focuses upon the possible interaction between the personological variable of general ability and the treatment variable of written instruction presented with or without the inclusion of adjunct questions. (Author)

A nonparametric test of the hypothesis of no treatment effect is suggested for a situation where measures of the severity of the condition treated can be obtained and ranked both pre- and post-treatment. The test allows the pre-treatment rank to be used as a concomitant variable. (Author/JKS)

The effectiveness of simulation games as a method for teaching superordinate concepts was tested via a week-long experiment involving 183 fifth and sixth-grade students in the development of map skills. The simulation group demonstrated superior performance on the delayed posttest but not on the immediate posttest. (JC)

A pretest/posttest assignment involving the writing of a business letter was given to 123 business communication students. Findings indicate that students gain equal efficiency in the understanding of and skill in the application of business writing principles by writing from draft through final copy as they do when editing and revising prewritten…

When the experimental units are measured twice, and the response variable is dichotomous, the equality of the two proportions is usally assessed by Mc Nemar's (1947) test. In this paper, Bayesian methods are presented for testing hypotheses regarding the two success probabilities in light of complete and incomplete data. (Author/BW)

Identifies factors that limit the effectiveness of pretests and posttests as evaluation methods and examines how they might influence obtained results. (JOW)