Strategies for rapid mental computation are explained, including multiplying by 11 (or 21, 31, etc.); adding columns of numbers; and multiplying 2-digit numbers. Rapid mental computation is suggested as a motivator for investigating the underlying mathematical principles. (DB)

Discussion of teaching practices that are effective in developing higher cognitive functioning focuses on curriculum development for at-risk students. Four main strategies are addressed: (1) big ideas; (2) linked concepts and connected knowledge; (3) depth of understanding, including declarative, procedural, and conditional knowledge; and (4)…

Describes QMaPS (Qualitative Matching and Prediction system for Simulations), a qualitative reasoning system designed to function as a module in exploratory simulation learning environments. Highlights include a hierarchical organization of variables; multilevel relation typology; modeling of physical and conceptual domain structures; an…

Recounts a sequence of activities that occurred in a senior high school geometry class and helped students to engage in creative reasoning. All student suggestions were discussed by the class, and pursuing alternative solutions was not only encouraged but required. (MKR)

Describes the nature of processing depth in student learning as a dispositional construct and as a characteristic of task-specific strategies. Reviews efforts to measure processing depth, as shown in student text summaries. Considers several ways in which depth may be measured in educational assessment. (Author/KS)

Mandated, standardized national testing is being discussed as a means of improving education by holding schools accountable. Making schools genuinely accountable means involving teachers in developing assessment methods that measure what students know and can do. This approach ties assessment to instruction, improvement of practice, and the…

Although courts and legislators usually set legal standards that correspond to empirical knowledge of human behavior, recent developments in behavioral psychology have led courts to appreciate the limits and errors in consumer decision making. "Reasonable consumer" standards that are congruent with cognitive reality should be developed.…

In three experiments, children of three through six years of age were generally better able to reproduce a perceiver's perspective if a visual cue in the perceiver's line of sight was salient. Children had greater difficulty when the task hinged on attending to configural cues. Availability of distinctive cues affixed to objects facilitated…

Argues that fostering thinking across the curriculum can be affected by engaging students in complex, meaningful, long-term tasks such as decision making, naturalistic inquiry, scientific inquiry, problem solving, and composing. Notes that these tasks require an instructional format (workshops) that provides a new role for teachers and students.…

Discusses the link between testing and the content of instruction and proposes a method for generating large numbers of objective-relevant test items for instructional programs in high schools, higher education, and training situations. Higher level thinking outcomes are discussed, item sets are described, and generic scenarios and questioning are…

Responds to William Bigelow's 1989 article which was being used in a fifth grade classroom. Questions the approach taken by the teacher and focuses on how children can be most productively involved in the kind of critical reading Bigelow advocates. Discusses the use of "I-Charts" (inquiry charts) to foster critical reading. (MG)

Analyzes the role domain knowledge, analogic reasoning ability, and interactive knowledge play in the comprehension of scientific exposition. Finds that variables predicting performance on the nonanalogic and analogic versions and the variables discriminating between above- and below-average performers differ across grade levels, with less…

The learning style mean scores of 539 Pennsylvania 4-H members were below the national norm on 4 of 5 cognitive subscales. It was recommended that nonformal education such as 4-H stress such cognitive skills as ability to think, solve problems, and process information. (SK)

Samples of 43 early and 41 middle adolescent Australian high school students were compared on 3 categories of metacognitive knowledge as they relate to decision making: person knowledge, task knowledge, and strategy knowledge. Middle adolescents showed significantly greater metacognitive knowledge than early adolescents. Middle adolescents also…

Presents a model for unit design created by a high school social studies department. Explains that the model has four main parts: (1) a central question, (2) an introductory grabber or attention getter, (3) rich detail, and (4) a culminating activity. Includes a sample unit on the American Revolution. (DK)