A study was conducted to determine: (1) the extent to which changes of self-report scores (between pretest and post-test) on a measure of defensiveness were related to changes of self-report scores (between pretest and post-test) on a measure of self-concept; and (2) if changes of self-report scores on a measure of defensiveness as covariates…

Five models are introduced for the factor analytic treatment of a set of measures obtained for the same sample of persons on two different occasions. The models differ in terms of the assumptions made regarding the constancy of the (1) factor (actually component) score and (2) factor pattern matrices from occasion 1 to 2. Least-squares procedures…

A study of sixty third-grade students at Henry Barnard School, Providence, Rhode Island, concluded that an elementary industrial arts program contributes to the career awareness of such students but that mental ability has a greater influence than instructional strategy. (MF)

Experience with pretests at Wright State University School of Medicine indicates that they serve as a preinstructional strategy that increases motivation, enthusiasm, and acceptance of the program. Pretests possibly enhance cognitive learning during the ensuing program, as well as improve the attitudinal set. (Author/LBH)

Preschoolers were assigned to experimental and control groups to investigate whether they could learn novel words when viewing television and whether the learning was influenced by age or type of word. (PCB)

An assessment strategy uses pretests and posttests to assess deaf students' pre-independent, semi-independent, and independent living skills. The one-on-one assessment technique allows evaluators (and subsequently teachers) to tailor learning activities to the specific needs of the individual student. (CB)

Addresses the four questions raised by Yelon about use of pretests with instruction--should I pretest; on what should I pretest; how should I pretest; how should I adjust to results--and answers them from the perspective of instructional designers conducting formative evaluations to improve quality of instruction under development. (MBR)

Growth is estimated most accurately by procedures involving the pretest-posttest difference, and for practical purposes all estimates involving this difference have approximately equal accuracy. In particular, the simple difference between pretest and posttest scores seems about as accurate as any other estimate, easier to compute, and meaningful…

To determine the effectiveness of a graduate educational assessment course in measurement processes, this study compared test scores from the beginning and from the end of the course. The three sections that were the focus of the study were offered in 2002 and 2003 by the same instructor. The course was offered as a traditional face-to-face class…

Supported by the Corporation for National Service, AmeriCorps' members serve with local and national organizations to meet community needs while earning education awards to help finance college or training. This report is the final product of the "AmeriCorps Tutoring Outcomes Study" of the AmeriCorps State/National Literacy Programs. The…

This paper illustrates the use of the McNemar Test, using a hypothetical problem. The McNemar Test is a nonparametric statistical test that is a type of chi square test using dependent, rather than independent, samples to assess before-after designs in which each subject is used as his or her own control. Results of the McNemar test make it…

Procedures and conclusions drawn from their investigation to determine the effectiveness of using both the visual and auditory sensory modes, as opposed to using only the auditory mode, when the procedure of having children check their own tests is utilized as part of spelling instruction. (Author/RB)

Describes a pre-test and some requirements of a college-level course. (RD)

An assumption that immigrant and American-born adolescents experience similar, normal psychological development processes was examined through a two-part research study that: (1) gathered normative data on ego development, identity and moral reasoning; and (2) field-tested an experimental curriculum intended to stimulate development in these…