Examined developmental changes in the influence of social goals on cooperative and competitive behavior in children between six and 13 years who played a game with a peer. Tendencies to engage in cooperative and combative moves and to use attentional words varied interactively with age, sex, order of instructions, instructions, and trials. (SKC)

Focused on the developmental acquisition of the conditional implication interpretation of "if-then." Knowledge of three aspects of this interpretation was assessed for adults and 3rd-, 5th- and 8th-graders. Results showed the older three groups were significantly more likely to understand conditional implication, with improvement…

Obtained thresholds for octave-band noises with center frequencies of 0.4, 1, 2, 4, and 10 kHz and 1/3-octave band noises centered at 10 and 20 kHz from children aged 6 to 16 years. Compared results with findings for infants, preschool children, and adults. Continuing sensitivity improvements were evident from infancy well into the school years.…

Examined ways in which irrelevant variations within a stimulus set interfered with performances of second and fifth graders and adults in a selective attention task. Stimuli were constructed from spatially integrated dimensions in experiment 1 and spatially separated dimensions in experiment 2. Developmental differences in perceived structure were…

Examined matching-to-sample procedures that might result in emergence in preschool children of conditional behavior that was never explicitly taught. Children were asked to match a novel and a familiar picture to a spoken word which was English or nonsense. (SKC)

The theory proposed (recognition-by-components) hypothesizes the perceptual recognition of objects to be a process in which the image of the input is segmented at regions of deep concavity into an arrangement of simple geometric components. Experiments on the perception of briefly presented pictures support the theory. (Author/LMO)

Attempts to emphasize some of the rather precise analytic and predictive values of evolutionary theory, applied to parental behavior. (Author/RK)

Represents a more complete test of Glanzer's model of memory than has been provided to date in that the overt rehearsal data offer a means of assessing whether subjects reorganize phonemically related items in short-term store. (Author/RK)

Two experiments examined factors underlying false alarms on recognition tests when the elements of the test items were presented alone for study at different points in time, and when the elements were parts of different 2-element units during study. (Editor)

Past research has distinguished between two alternative representational systems that are used in perceptual learning--distinctive features and schemas. This study examines the influence of short-term memory on the initial utility of these systems and the influence of long-term memory on retention of these forms of learning. (Editor)

Three experiments studied the effect of amount and type of concurrent memory load on the rate of readout from iconic memory. (Editor)

When asked to report the first digit that comes to mind, a predominant number (28.4 percent) of the respondents choose 7. Three further experiments sought to establish whether this predominance is due to an automatic activation process or to a deliberate choice. (Editor)

This paper is concerned with the role of redundancy in two important communication settings. Experiments 1 and 2 explored the effects of redundancy in a decoding task, where the respondent's goal is to identify the referent implied by a pair of descriptive messages. Experiment 3 assessed the extent to which people choose redundant messages when…

Author looked at research's hidden curriculum, and suggested that its techniques and assumptions need to be demystified. (Editor/RK)

Results of a simulated collective bargaining game showed that participants anticipating voluntary arbitration set higher goals and made more demanding opening bids than did participants anticipating other types of third-party intervention. (Available from the American Psychological Association, Inc., 1200 Seventeenth Street, N.W., Washington, DC…