Examined correlates of social withdrawal in childhood. Data from peers, teachers, and students in grade two and again in grades four and five revealed two subtypes of social isolation, passive-anxious and active-immature. While active-immature type was infrequent and unstable, passive-anxious type was stable across grades and predictive of…

Community reentry programing for individuals with head injuries should involve cognitive retraining integrated into a social skills context. Combining ecological validity with a social skills approach provides a real-world, client-centered approach and a systematic philosophical framework upon which assessment, treatment, and outcome evaluation…

Describes an open-ended, structured, highly intensive therapy group for sexually abused preteen girls that was the primary mode of treatment for 11 girls from low-income, rural White families with numerous problems. Unique features of the group included simultaneous group and individualized goals. (Author/BB)

A study of 25 individuals with serious traumatic brain injury showed that major adjustment problems at 13 months post-injury were psychosocial and family-oriented. Return to work/school was dependent upon individuals' ability to engage in socially appropriate interactions. The Portland Adaptability Inventory served as a reliable measure of problem…

Premarital and postbirth indices of parent's marital relationship were related to child functioning. For mothers, high satisfaction, low conflict, and high communication quality were related to child security of attachment and dependency. For fathers, higher levels of premarital conflict and lower levels of communication quality were positively…

Provides sample listening comprehension and oral production activities in Spanish that teachers can use to help students develop sociolinguistic competence and skills. The exercises highlight native speakers' linguistic choices in different situations and focus on their use of deference markers. (Author/CB)

Identifies personal transferable skills that employers feel are necessary in the information professions and lacking in graduates of information science programs, including communication skills. The discussion covers the effects of this lack, the need for departments of library and information science to address the problem, and possible methods…

Describes a plan for a professional development program in educational systems design to prepare facilitators in educational change and restructuring efforts. Highlights include roles in the change process; values and criteria for design; change strategies; emotional stages; attitudinal roadblocks; and needed competencies and skills, including…

This article describes postsecondary outcomes of young adults with learning disabilities, specific areas of social problems encountered, and the results of an assessment of social competencies in 404 college students with learning disabilities. The study determined that learning disabilities should not be viewed as just an academic-related…

Studied whether school factors such as teacher perception, student perception, and factors measured by the Learning Skills Checklist contributed to success in school (n=100). Results indicate that behaviors related to conforming to school requirements tend to produce a high level of academic achievement. (Author/JBJ)

This review examines research done on affection behaviors of children with visual and hearing impairments. A social interaction perspective is utilized, and areas for further empirical investigation are identified. (DB)

Scores from the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale were compared to age and performance IQ for 72 children and adolescents with autism and 37 nonautistic controls with mental retardation. The relationship between the two groups' adaptive behavior profiles was stable from preschool age through adolescence. Increasing IQ was associated with lower…

Examined the relationship between childhood loneliness and insecure-ambivalent attachment in infancy. As predicted, the most loneliness in early childhood was reported by children classified insecure-ambivalent in infancy. Possible explanations center on the contribution of attachment to peer relationships, internal working models, and child…

Describes a study assessing the effectiveness of an intervention program for youthful offenders in Iowa based on a cognitive approach to rehabilitation, which pivots on the theme that "bad thinking leads to bad behavior." There were gains in prospects for improving life goals and empathy toward victims. Other results were mixed. (LKS)

Examined effects of zero, one, or two years of preschool education on outcomes of inner-city black children from low-income families through grade six. Found that although two-year participants began and ended kindergarten more academically competent than 1-year participants, through the elementary grades, the two groups did not significantly…