Described is the use by blind persons of the Cranmer abacus, a computational device adapted from the Japanese abacus. Noted is the lack of carefully controlled research on its use. A comparison of calculation by abacus and by paper and pencil is said to indicate that the use of such mechanical devices does not give the blind competitor an undue…

Effects of several logical memory and semantic variables on verbal and math problem-solving performances of 48 mildly retarded adolescents were assessed. Results revealed that Ss' overall problem-solving performance was inferior to that of nonretarded fourth graders in spite of comparable performance on a computational screening test. (Author/CL)

Evidence is presented that both reading disabled (RD) and normal reading attention deficit disordered (ADD) children are at high risk to become numerically incompetent adults. It is theorized that this incompetence may be rooted in failure to memorize basic number combinations. (Author/CL)

The Visolett, a small magnification device, was as effective as large print materials for 45 visually handicapped adolescents performing arithmetic tasks. Findings suggested potential uses for the device, including as a supplement to large print materials. (CL)

Thirty-one incarcerated handicapped adolescents who participated in 18 sessions of individual reading and arithmetic tutoring evidenced gains in achievement, with a greater gain in arithmetic than in reading. (CL)

This paper illustrates a different conception of arithmetic, an arithmetic with reasons as well as rules. This arithmetic includes making connections between different representations and making sense of rules as well as using them. It provides a foundation for "Algebra the Web of Knowledge and Skill" in the sense that algebra can be…

This textbook provides the answer key to "Ray's New Arithmetics: Intellectual and Practical." The solutions are as brief as possible. Figures and signs are used wherever they serve the purpose.

Since all manner of quantities require to be compared together, in mathematical computations, and their various relations searched out and determined and as most of our knowledge in mathematical subjects depends on the proportions of several things to one another: so it is requisite that the nature of proportion, and the methods of reasoning…

Describes a study which compares the abilities of 130 first graders in responding correctly to open (Computational) addition exercises to their abilities in responding to equivalent problems stated in the closed form. No statistical difference between levels of correct responses to opened or closed exercises was indicated. (PR)