Research relating to the development of computational thinking (CT) at primary school level is still in its infancy despite indications that it is most effective when introduced in primary/early secondary education. Teachers are pivotal to ensuring children develop CT, so it is essential they are effectively prepared, starting at preservice level,…

Reaction coordinate diagrams (RCDs) are an important tool used to visualize the energetics of a chemical reaction. RCDs provide information about the kinetics of the reaction, the mechanism by which the reaction occurs, and the relative thermodynamic stability of the molecules in a reaction. Previous research studies have characterized student…

Aim: Previous research has focused on accuracy associated with real and fake news presented in the form of news headlines only, which does not capture the rich context news is frequently encountered in real life. Additionally, while previous studies on evaluation of real and fake news have mostly focused on characteristics of the evaluator (i.e.,…

Apart from basic skills such as self-care and speaking, higher-order cognitive skills including inquiry, critical thinking, and scientific thinking can develop during early childhood. Thus, it is crucial to employ teaching methods that support the development of higher-order cognitive skills in these age groups and ensure that these children…

Bias and prejudice are well known aspects of all societies and political arenas. They motivate a wide variety of fear-mongering policies and seem to be deeply ingrained in the hearts and minds of people, interfering with their reasoning and better judgement. In this paper, I explore how bias and prejudice come about and how they can be put to more…

In this paper, we list some of the areas of the Australian curriculum that have links with the concept of infinity. We do this in order to promote a discussion about what aspects of infinity should become familiar to primary teachers. From our viewpoint, infinity has connections with Algebra, Art, Geometry and Measurement, Probability, Science and…

Improved pedagogical practice does not happen in a silo; it requires impetus. External influences and pressures and internal motivations are drivers for pedagogical change. Professional learning (PL) programs, in their multitude of forms, are key tools for affecting teacher change. In response to an increased focus on fostering students' reasoning…

Digital learning environments are dynamic systems that require learning designers to leverage environmental conditions and the needs of their learners. While many frameworks and studies have explored pedagogical reasoning, little emphasis has been placed on the dynamic decision-making processes of learning designers. To advance the exploration of…

Empowerment of creative thinking skills is important in every lecture activity, including practicum. This study aimed to analyze students' creative thinking skills in Plant Microtechnique practicum. This research used descriptive method in which the participants were the seventh semester biology education students (n=20) of State University of…

As computational thinking (CT) gains more attention in K-16 education, problem-solving has been more emphasized as a core competency that can be found across various domains. To develop an evaluation framework that reveals students' problem-solving competency, this study examined solutions for the Bebras Computing Challenge which requires students…

Purpose: This research aimed to: (1) measure out the validity level of the developed Student Worksheets, (2) explain the students' responses and learning motivation in using Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)-based worksheets, and (3) find the effect of the HOTS-based worksheet on learning outcomes. Methodology: The study employed the Research…

Representing and recording student thinking in public spaces during mathematics discussions is challenging work. In this article, the authors articulate why skillfully recording and representing during discussions matters. The authors share principles for recording student thinking in the moment and share an activity structure to use with…

Several researchers have promoted reimagining functions and graphs more quantitatively. One part of this research has examined graphing "conventions" that can at times conflict with quantitative reasoning about graphs. In this theoretical paper, we build on this work by considering a widespread convention in mathematics teaching: putting…

This design case chronicles the efforts of an interdisciplinary team of researchers as they collaborated with middle grades science teachers and students to build and refine an epidemic disease curriculum module. The initial five-day design was delivered in five science classrooms at three nearby schools where researcher classroom observations and…

Computational thinking (CT) is considered an essential literacy skill for all children to develop, yet conceptual, practical, and empirical work with preschool-age children is scarce. A particular gap in the research is how CT instruction should be enacted (e.g., free play, guided play, levels of scaffolding, degree of child-initiated activities,…