Discusses how technological advancement, in particular: the explosion in useful wavelengths and the revolution in telescope design and fittings, multiplies astronomers' grasp of the cosmos. (HM)

Describes the results of the Viking lander's analyses of the Martian soil. Implications of these results are also included. (MA)

Reviews use of the celestrial sphere and planisphere to teach variations in the observed motions of the sun and stars. (SL)

Uses elementary methods to introduce a model which accurately describes fundamental properties of a star in radiative equilibrium. (SL)

The history of the development of trigonometry is outlined from 140 B.C. through the sixteenth century. (MN)

Assesses the history and current trends in astronomy education. Emphasis is placed in precollege science education. Recommendations to remedy the current low emphasis on astronomy in the secondary education curriculum are advanced. (CP)

The authors illustrate the magnitude and application of the concept of a "googol" (ten raised to the one hundred power) in searching for entities that exist in such number. (MN)

Describes a program which can be written to represent stellar motion in the galactic plane. (CP)

Presents information on the properties and largest spirals of the Local Group galaxies. Explains the three categories of galaxies, identifies the brightest members of the Local Group, and discusses recent discoveries within the group. (ML)

Refutes the Doppler effect as the explanation of large red shifts in the spectra of distant galaxies and explains the relativistic effects in which the light sources approach the observer obliquely. Provides several diagrams and graphs. (YP)

Describes the Cygnus Loop, one of brightest and most easily studied of the older "remnant nebulae" of supernova outbursts. Discusses some of the historical events surrounding the discovery and measurement of the Cygnus Loop and makes some projections on its future. (TW)

The Lakota ethnoastronomy project researches Sioux astronomical practices, celestial lore, mythology, religion, and view of the universe and traces them through the nation's history, and has resulted in both an improved understanding of Sioux tradition and legislation to return federally held land to the tribe. (MSE)

Discusses the role and resources of planetary astronomy in planetary exploration. Identifies the categories of support made available by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and reviews the impacts of these findings on planetary researches. Analyzes the publishing habits of American astronomers. (ML)

Provides an historic overview of the conditions and obstacles encountered by women in pursuing careers in astronomy. Highlights the accomplishments and contributions made by successful women in the field. Reviews the current status and climate associated with women in astronomy and the sciences in general. (ML)

From an understanding of how the solar system was formed, scientists have determined the conditions under which life probably originated on earth and, by experiment, have demonstrated a number of possible theories. These conditions, experiments, theories, and related topics are discussed. (JN)