The Wapanakamikok, or Eastern Land People, have been forced to do a great deal of moving about since the beginning of European contact in 1607. The Lenape dialect of their common language is spoken today primarily in Oklahoma and Canada and descendents of Wapanakamikok groups are scattered in Wisconsin and Kansas as well. (The other two dialect…

This study relates especially to African names, but can apply to all names. It aims to help students develop a more perceptive way of looking at other people and to encourage students to learn from and about them. Part 1, "Background Information," introduces people and place names in Africa and discusses their interrelationships. Part 2,…

In addition to academic pressures shared with American students, students from other countries studying in the United States have the stress of living in an unfamiliar culture. Common symptoms of culture shock (irritability, loneliness, depression, rigidity) have been identified. Parallel symptoms have been described in the learned helplessness…

A study investigated how two text-based factors, word relationships and surface syntactic structure, interact with readers' ability to analyze the semantic relationships and make inferences based on those analyses. In each passage, the influence of word relationships was assessed by manipulating the degree of semantic entailment between two words…

A study was conducted at Holy Family College (Pennsylvania) to assist in the development of an internship program, making practical and relevant use of the French language, as the capstone of a new degree program in Business-French. The study involved a survey of 160 local corporations with subsidiaries in France or French-speaking countries,…

An exemplary prekindergarten television program, developed by the Brownsville, Texas Independent School District, is described. The program, intended for Spanish-speaking four-year-olds, is an alternative to providing an in-school program necessitating classrooms, teaching staff, materials, and equipment. The program prepares students for formal…

Project COPE provides supportive services, basic skills, career development, and occupational training to limited English proficient (LEP) students at three New York City high schools. Many COPE students are also limited in their ability to read and write in their native languages. Program participants in 1983-84 included: 173 Spanish-dominant…

In 1984-85, Project BITEC was in the second year of a 3-year funding cycle at New Utrecht High School in Brooklyn, New York. The program provides courses in English as a second language (ESL), native language arts in Spanish, Italian, Chinese, and Vietnamese; and bilingual (mostly in Italian and Spanish) instruction in mathematics, science, and…

Before working with middle school gifted students, the teacher should be aware of the characteristics and learning style preferences of these students. For example, the years from 9 to 13 are a time of physical, social, emotional, and cognitive change--also called an "age of ambivalence." Many of these students tackle decision making sooner and…

Spelling practices, processes, and implications can be analyzed in terms of three conceptual models: the bottom up, the top down, and the interactive compensatory model. Spelling instruction from post-colonial America into the 20th century reveals a preoccupation with the bottom up philosophy, which emphasized rules, word lists, and rote…

A study was conducted to identify, describe, and analyze the visual displays accompanying instructional texts in basal reading series. Specifically, the study reviewed 1,884 displays from the student textbooks, major workbooks, and teachers' editions of six series used from grades four through eight to answer (1) descriptive questions about the…

Reading and writing are both creative acts of communication that use written language as a vehicle for meaning. A strong theoretical case for teaching the two processes concurrently can be built by examining points of contact between reading and writing. One such point is context concerns. The Communication Triangle model (author/audience/…

A study of the verbs used in the management sections of nursing texts looked at the use of verbs as lexical items and grammatical forms and at their form-function relationship. The analysis of verbs as lexical items attempted to establish whether or not there was a common core vocabulary among the four texts studied. The examination of verbs as…

This study investigated the construct validity of five perceptual traits (auditory discrimination, visual discrimination, visual memory, visual-motor coordination, and auditory to visual-motor coordination) with five simulated work samples (union assembly, resistor reading, budgette assembly, lock assembly, and nail and screw sort) from the Jewish…

The comprehension of written stories starts with learning to comprehend everyday situations, but it is the child's direct experiences with written stories that bring the process to fruition. These direct experiences with stories are generally of two types. Initially there is a storybook time, the occasions upon which a literate person, usually the…