This study examined the practices of a mathematics coach by analyzing coaching moves over multiple coaching cycles with two teachers. The coach, guided initially by a content-focused model of coaching (West & Staub, 2013), engaged teachers in cycles that consisted of co-planning, teaching, and debriefing conversations to help teachers reflect…

Inclusion of students with disabilities in the general classroom has many benefits for all students in the classroom, not just students with disabilities. Including students teaches all students kindness, compassion, and patience. For special education students, inclusion increases confidence, social skills, helps to create a sense of belonging,…

A correlation coefficient taking positive values is introduced. It is more easily understood than other correlation measures especially in social science contexts. Estimation issues are addressed. A data application is given.

Fostering students' bidirectional conception of the equal sign (viewing the equal sign as indicating an equivalence of two sides rather than a 'show result' symbol) is challenging, and students' misconception of the equal sign is persistent. Some studies mention that in China, the pedagogical approach to introducing the equal sign supports…

This paper reports on the development of six student teachers' knowledge of instructional strategies (KOIS) for teaching proportions during a 2-month practicum in China. Development of four subcomponents was explored through Content Representation (CoRe) questionnaires and follow-up interviews. Data was analysed deductively and levels of each…

There has been a lot of media attention about 'out-of-field' teaching, but much of it does not capture the complexities of the term or account for the range of knowledge, experience, and attitudes relevant for teaching mathematics in the middle years. In this paper we report on a survey conducted to better understand the diversity of the…

This paper explores use of a set of diagrammatic tools for representation and analysis of the moves a teacher makes implementing a mathematical modelling task. The focus here is on identifying what the teacher did so we can subsequently interrogate this, as to the why. Data include pre and post lesson teacher interviews and transcripts of a video…

The problem for this study was that K-5 teachers in a northeastern school district were challenged to implement culturally responsive teaching (CRT) practices in mathematics instruction. The purpose of this study was to explore K-5 teachers' perceptions about the challenges of using CRT practices in mathematics with culturally diverse students and…

Drawing on the commognitive framework, we construe the secondary-tertiary transition (STT) as a distinctive element in the pedagogical discourses of various communities. Our interest rests with university tutors in light of the emergent recognition of their impact on undergraduates' mathematics learning in many tertiary contexts worldwide. We aim…

In the present longitudinal study, cross-lagged path models were applied to investigate the potential reciprocal relationships between senior secondary school students' motivation and their cognitive engagement, using data from 623 Chinese senior secondary school students across 2 years. The 623 students completed self-reported measures of…

According to expectancy-value models, two important motivational constructs are task value and self-efficacy expectations. As students work intensively on mathematical problems in the classroom, teachers need the competence to judge whether students value solving the problem and how confident they are that they will succeed. However, not much is…

External representations such as diagrams often appear in teachers' repertoire of pedagogical tools to support students' conceptual learning and problem-solving activities. The study of diagrams and diagrammatic representations has received growing interest from diverse disciplines. Diagrams remain a central feature of science, technology,…

Incorporating visual representations, rather than strictly relying on symbolic representations, is a research-based strategy for supporting fraction learning. However, students must also make transitions between visual and symbolic fraction representations to apply the conceptual understanding they gained from visual representations to symbolic…

Regardless of the definition or name given to wait time, the purpose of wait time is the same: to give all students the opportunity to participate in classroom discourse. In this article, the authors share: surprising research from the literature, going back more than 50 years; their own experiences in broadening their conception of wait time…

This is a comprehensive study aiming to examine pre-service primary school teachers' (PPST) mathematical disposition levels in terms of various variables, and to explain the results thoroughly. It employed the explanatory sequential design among the mixed method research designs. The data were collected through Mathematics Dispositional Functions…