The potential undermining effects of a reinforcement program were examined in two studies with kindergarten-first grade children. The procedures were designed to provide an analog to typical classroom incentive programs. The subjects' initial interest was low in one study and high in the other. (Author)

Communicative "incidents" in a research and development organization are assigned to three theoretical clusters: the power advancement cluster, the power pressure cluster, and the central figure cluster, to produce predictive generalizations about organizational communication. (JMF)

Presenting brief accounts and comments re: a field experience on the Rosebud Sioux Reservation (South Dakota), this article emphasizes policies, problems, and procedures pertinent to field work in geography. (JC)

The focus is upon the introduction of multiplication within the framework of an algorithm program. Analysis of some observations of student solutions to multiplication problems is included. (MN)

Excerpts from observational diaries kept by education students acting as anthropologists studying the conceptual tools of young children at home and in school. Notes describe children's rules for activities and games; individual projects; and reactions to social studies concepts presented from an "adultcentric" point of view. (AV)

A study involving 24 deaf-blind children (6 years to 13 years old) was conducted to determine the relationship between standardized tests and developmental scales, and systematic behavior observation ratings. (SBH)

Observations of the behavior of children and their interaction with their teachers were carried out in five types of preschool settings. Findings point to the importance of the early childhood teacher's influence on the children's achievement motivation. (JMB)

To assess relations between behaviors in a particular circumscribed caretaker-child interaction setting and child behavioral dispositions assessed by more extensive observation, caretaker-child interaction data was collected for 40 children across several days in a nursery school free-play setting. These data were related to child behavioral…

Describes a process used for training prospective teachers to gain some initial skill in the observation of children. (JMB)

Describes air observation activity in which human fingerprints are investigated. Includes diagrams of various fingerprint types and the characteristics of various fingerprint ridge types. (SL)

This naturalistic field study of child-rearing patterns compared observational and developmental data for 60 home-based and 60 day care center-based Swedish toddlers. (Author/JMB)

Mothers of about 100 toddlers completed the Toddler Temperament Scale when their children were 12, 18, and 24 months old. Other data sets were available for: (a) factors representing laboratory observations; (b) measures of mothers' temperament by mothers and by social workers; and (c) measures of the home and family environment by social workers.…

A teacher evaluation system used at a special school for the gifted promotes teacher involvement through self study, peer observation, team critique, and administrator observation and critique. Four teacher types as defined by level of commitment and abstraction ability have different supervisory needs. (Author/DB)

Firstborn children's reaction to sibling birth assessed in 41 families via family interviews at 1 month prepartum and 1, 4, 8, and 12 months postpartum. Familial interaction patterns were observed in semistructured play sessions. Time since the birth of the sibling and sibling gender had significant effects on firstborn children's adjustment.…

The article describes Systematic Screening for Behavior Disorders (SSBD), a screening procedure for identifying elementary students at risk for serious behavior disorders. Teacher judgment is the primary information source for the first two screening stages and direct behavioral observations for the third. Results of a year-long SSBD study are…