Registrants of college chemistry (Chem 103) whose permanent address indicated they lived in Maryland, Washington, D.C., or northern Virginia, were invited by letter to participate in a pre-course refresher consisting of listening to as many as seven audiotutorial tapes on the basic concepts and calculations of chemistry. Sixty-nine percent of…

This study investigated the effects of constraining freshmen physics students to follow an expert-like approach in analyzing mechanics problems. A computer-based, problem analysis environment was constructed that allowed novices to actively engage in performing a qualitative analysis of problems according to a hierarchy which combined declarative…

Institutions of higher education in the United States appear to many to have the capacity to provide enough scientists and engineers to meet the nation's needs. However, many researchers, employers and policymakers are concerned that the future supply will be inadequate. In the early 1990s the United States will experience a decline in the number…

The education pipeline in the United States from prekindergarten through the Ph.D. is failing to produce the workers needed to meet future demand. In the year 2000, 85 percent of new entrants to the workforce will be members of minority groups and women. The number of capable persons with disabilities will also rise. These three groups have…

Meeting the needs of the nation for science teachers who can prepare future citizens for a technological world requires a new curriculum. Middle school science education spans all of the natural sciences and therefore a college program to prepare teachers for this kind of assignment should include a strong background in interdisciplinary science…

This collection of papers explores the nature of contemporary science and attempts to further a view of science that is "different, better, feminist, and emancipating." Most of the papers were presented in their original form at a symposium, Feminist Perspectives on Science, at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, in April, 1985. Included are: (1)…

The effect of mode of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) and individual learning differences on the learning of science concepts was investigated. University elementary education majors learned about home energy use from either a computer simulation or a computer tutorial. Learning of science concepts was measured using achievement and…

Science, society, nature, and culture are interacting forces on the lives of all people. They become increasingly complex with time. In this address, a perspective of science, technology, and society is offered and suggestions and recommendations are made for how teachers can and should integrate this topic effectively into instructional programs.…

An objective of the American Chemical Society is to promote alternatives to landfilling for the disposal of laboratory chemical wastes. One method is to reduce the amount of chemicals that become wastes. This is the basis for the "less is better" philosophy. This bulletin discusses various techniques involved in purchasing control,…

The issues of reproductive choice and domination of women through the use of reproductive technologies have placed feminists at odds with the medical profession and consumers. Inspired by the Feminist International Network of Resistance to Reproductive and Genetic Engineering (FINRRAGE), this collection of 21 essays advances a critical analysis of…

This report presents information for identification of the national trends in the amount, age, loss, condition, and perceived adequacy of academic research equipment in selected science and engineering fields. The data were obtained from a stratified probability sample of 55 colleges and universities and from a separately selected sample of 24…

This manual is the result of a regional training workshop on the cost-effectiveness of different training strategies in population education by Unesco in Kathmandu, Nepal, June 1-8, 1987. The purpose of the manual is to enable project staff to initiate studies to determine cost-effective training strategies in population growth control education.…

According to the General Accounting Office (GAO), scientific leaders estimated in 1982 that between $1 and $4 billion was necessary to update university research equipment. Because of this large cost variance, GAO was requested to assess how well past studies have defined the nationwide deficiency in university research equipment and to suggest…

Listings of suggested topics aimed at helping university and college faculties plan courses in the main areas of the chemistry curricula are provided. The suggestions were originally offered as appendices to the American Chemical Society's (ACS) Committee on Professional Training's 1983 guidelines for ACS-approved schools. The course data included…

Expert reasoning in the natural sciences appears to make extensive use of a relatively small number of general principles and reasoning strategies, each associated with a larger number of more specific inference patterns. Using a dual declarative hierarchy to represent strategic and factual knowledge, a framework for a robust scientific reasoning…