The issue of defining learning disability is considered. Important recent trends in research are reviewed with regard to: intellectual skills, academic retardation, neurological and behavioral dysfunction, and cognitive and interactive processes. Current intervention methods are also briefly described. Available from: Journal of Pediatrics, C.V.…

Investigated the extent to which the Wechsler and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) provides items of sufficient difficulty for gifted children (N=306) aged four to six. All subtests investigated were found to have an inadequate level of difficulty, and six were inadequate for half or more of the subjects. (JAC)

Longitudinal data from a study of child development in Guatemala City were used to describe the influence of socioeconomic status and sex on physical and cognitive growth status. The correlation between growth status variables was also analyzed. (Author/RH)

Research needs in area of library technical services are identified, focusing on costs, the catalog, bibliographic data, new cataloging code, subject access in online catalogs, acquisitions, serials control system, universal technical processing terminals, data storage devices, robots and artificial intelligence, bibliographic instruction, and…

Used peer (N=200) evaluation to rank 50 high school boys on athletic ability, intelligence, and other possible determinants of dominance. Factor analysis suggested that peers of both sexes rated good athletes as socially successful and generally dominant. Intelligence showed consistently lower correlations. (JAC)

Developmental differences in reasoning ability and item processing demands are analyzed in a study of cognitive determinants of number analogy performance in two IQ levels of elementary school children and college students. The amount of solution-related information in working memory was the crucial processing demand. Process differentiations of…

This training study examined the modifiability of older adults' (n=73) performance on measures of attentional processes and training transfer to the psychometric ability domains of perceptual speed, memory span, and fluid-crystallized intelligence. Significant training effects occurred for attention measures, and these effects were maintained at…

While for 31 trainable mentally handicapped children and for 31 nonhandicapped, there were no differences in static balance on left or right legs, total balance time was significantly different between the two groups. This confirms prior work which related motor proficiency to intelligence. (Author/RD)

Presents findings from study of design activities among 26 novice instructional designers which investigated prevalence of initial generation of more than one design solution; basis on which solutions are accepted or rejected; constraints encountered in proceeding with design; way in which designers know design is finished. Twelve references are…

Investigated the utility of profile analysis, using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children--Revised (WISC--R) to differentiate learning disabled from emotionally disturbed and nonhandicapped children. Little evidence supported the use of WISC--R subtest scatter. Research efforts focused on WISC--R subtests related to the learning process are…

Using Locus of Control in Three Achievement Domains (LOCITAD), this study examines differences in locus of control orientation for 80 Anglo, 80 Black, and 44 Chicano high school students with respect to success and failure in three domains--intellectual, social, and physical. (Author/MP)

Two groups of disabled readers, ages 8 and 11, were tested. Perceptual abilities related more strongly for younger students, while intelligence related more strongly for older students. Questions are raised about the validity of using expectancy formulae with younger disabled readers and the "learning disabilities" approach with older disabled…

Reviews some better known Piagetian scales; analyzes and compares Piagetian-based and conventional intelligence measures. Reviews research comparing the two methods and examines whether racial groups' performance differs on Piagetian measures. Discusses the implications of Piagetian assessment procedures for school psychologists. (Author/RC)

Children and adolescents who had positive Dye Tests for toxoplasmosis had lower performances on all verbal subtests than those with negative Dye Tests. The impairment was comparable to subjects with brain damage. Subjects with congenital sight deficiency and positive Dye Tests showed progressive intellectual impairments. (Author/CM)