Reviews results of published and unpublished research on the effects of maternal employment as they relate to: adjustment of the child, school achievement and intelligence, attitudes and perceptions, and activities of children with working mothers. (SET)

The rationale behind most standard English tests is openly political and economic--to perpetuate and protect the advantages of the white middle class. (JH)

This paper reviews and assesses the data that show black children are being placed in Educable Mentally Retarded (EMR) classes at rates which are two to four times greater than whites or any other ethnic group in the nation. Discussed are the results and implications of a study involving a comparative analysis of the national statistics of the…

The idea of diverting youths away from the juvenile justice system has grown in the past decade. Most evaluations of diversion programs have been program-centered rather than examining individual programs, and in most cases, success has been judged by recidivism rates. A diversion program, called the Careers Center, was investigated and a…

Teacher perception of a student's IQ may bias adaptive behavior measures used for placement in special classes. The study investigated the effect of perceived IQ on teachers' ratings of disturbed and normal children on the Devereux Elementary School Behavior Rating Scale. Fifty-two urban severe behavior handicapped students, Grades K through 12,…

Part of a sustained program that has involved the design of personally tailored information systems responsive to the needs of scientists performing common research and teaching tasks, this project focuses on the procedural and content requirements for accomplishing need diagnosis and presents these requirements as specifications for an…

The 34 summaries contained in this collection represent the theoretical positions and the empirical studies of a wide variety of investigators currently working in the field of language comprehension. The entries summarize contributions from the areas of assessment, artificial intelligence, cognition (including schema theory), instruction,…

Many elementary school students perform below their ability levels due to excessive anxiety and stress. Research reveals negative correlations between general anxiety and test anxiety, and scores on intelligence tests. Studies have shown that changes in anxiety level are related to changes in intelligence quotient scores. Further, anxiety affects…

Student projects that involve writing generative grammars in the computer language, "LOGO," are described in this paper, which presents a grammar-running control structure that allows students to modify and improve the grammar interpreter itself while learning how a simple kind of computer parser works. Included are procedures for…

Describing cognitive science as a new discipline based upon the integration of elements of psychology, computer science, linguistics, philosophy, and education, this paper argues that such a discipline has important implications for the field of communication. Following an overview of the literature of cognitive science, the paper offers an…

Questionnaires were sent to U.S. high schools soliciting information on former students who had earned doctorates. The questionnaire provided data on grades, rank in graduating class, and mental test scores. The grades were summarized into four grade-point averages (GPA's), one each for English and foreign languages, social studies, mathematics,…

The booklet discusses teaching gifted and talented students in the regular classroom. Brief case histories of three different types of gifted students are presented: morally gifted, creatively gifted, and cognitively gifted. Defining the gifted and talented is discussed, and characteristics of gifted children within each talent area are outlined.…

This paper reports on three longitudinal studies of the relationship of mother-infant interaction (and other maternal characteristics) to child development. The goal of the research program was to find a way to break the chain of events that lead to mild mental retardation. The first study of 1,000 North Carolina first grade children showed that…

An objective index of degree of parental agreement was generated by comparing the independent responses of 83 parental dyads to a set of Q-sort items referencing child-rearing values and orientations. This index was found to significantly predict subsequent continuation or termination of the marriage and to relate to independently-described…